You have a balloon covering the mouth of a flask filled with air at 1 atm. You apply heat to the bottom of the flask until the volume of the balloon is equal to that of the flask. a. Which has more air in it, the balloon or the flask? Or do both have the same amount? Explain. b. In which is the pressure greater, the balloon or the flask? Or is the pressure the same? Explain.

Initially, the air in the flask is heated until the balloon has the same volume as the flask. We know that the initial pressure of the air in the flask is 1 atm.

Since the balloon is covering the mouth of the flask, and it is filled with the air from the flask, it can be concluded that both the balloon and the flask contain the same amount of air. This is because the air in the flask has expanded into the balloon, filling it up to the same volume as the flask. Answer to question a: Both the balloon and the flask have the same amount of air.

When heat is applied to the flask, the pressure and volume of the air inside it change. According to the ideal gas law: \(PV = nRT\) Where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the amount of gas in moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Since we established that both systems have the same amount of air (n), we can infer that if the volume of the balloon is equal to the volume of the flask, the temperature in both systems must also be the same, as the gas constant (R) remains unchanged. Now, we can analyze the pressure in both systems. Since we have equal volumes, equal temperatures, equal amounts of gas, and the same gas constant, we can conclude that the pressure in the balloon and the flask should also be the same at the end. Answer to question b: The pressure is the same in both the balloon and the flask.