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Chapter 8: Problem 132

What do each of the following sets of compounds/ions have in common with each other? a. \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}, \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) b. \(\mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SO}_{2}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
Set (a) (\(\mathrm{SO}_{3}, \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\)) have in common that they all contain a central atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms with double bonds, and \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) have extra electrons on their oxygens resulting in negative charges. Set (b) (\(\mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SO}_{2}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}\)) have in common that they contain oxygen atoms connected by single and/or double bonds, resulting in bent geometries for \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\), and a ring structure in \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the chemical structures of set (a)

Draw the Lewis structures of \(\mathrm{SO}_{3}, \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\). They are all polyatomic ions containing one central atom (S, N, or C) connected to three oxygen atoms with double bonds. In the case of \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\), there are also negative charges on the oxygens.
02

Determine the similarities between the structures of set (a)

All three compounds have a similar structure. They are all composed of a central atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms, with each oxygen atom forming a double bond with the central atom. Additionally, \(\mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-}\) both have extra electrons on their oxygens causing them to have negative charges. Now, we will analyze the set (b) containing \(\mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SO}_{2}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}\)
03

Identify the chemical structures of set (b)

Draw the Lewis structures of \(\mathrm{O}_{3}, \mathrm{SO}_{2}, \mathrm{NO}_{2}\). \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\) is composed of three oxygen atoms that share a single bond with each other, forming a ring structure, while \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\) both contain one sulfur or nitrogen atom with two oxygen atoms, having one double bond and one single bond present.
04

Determine the similarities between the structures of set (b)

All three compounds contain oxygen atoms that have single and/or double bonds. In the case of \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\), there are single bonds between the oxygen atoms in a ring structure. In \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\), there is a double bond between the sulfur and one of the oxygen atoms and a single bond with the other oxygen atom. Similarly, in \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\), there is a double bond between the nitrogen and one of the oxygen atoms and a single bond with the other oxygen atom. These structures result in bent geometries for \(\mathrm{SO}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}\), while \(\mathrm{O}_{3}\) forms a ring.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

What do each of the following sets of compounds/ions have in common with each other? See your Lewis structures for Exercises 113 through 116 . a. \(\mathrm{XeCl}_{4}, \mathrm{XeCl}_{2}\) b. \(\mathrm{ICl}_{5}, \mathrm{TeF}_{4}, \mathrm{ICl}_{3}, \mathrm{PCl}_{3}, \mathrm{SCl}_{2}, \mathrm{SeO}_{2}\)

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