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Chapter 1: Problem 11

How is the mass number, A, (left-hand superscript next to the atomic symbol as shown in the Model) determined (from the structure of the atom)?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The mass number, represented by A, is determined by the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the structure of an atom

Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom, while electrons orbit around the nucleus. Protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass, which is much larger than the mass of an electron.
02

Recognize the components that contribute to the mass number

The mass number of an atom, A, represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the atom. Electrons' mass is negligible compared to the mass of protons and neutrons, so it is not included in the mass number.
03

Calculate the mass number

To determine the mass number, add the number of protons (which is also the atomic number and often represented by Z) to the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. The resulting sum is the mass number (also known as atomic mass).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In terms of the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons: a) Why does the notation \({ }^{13} \mathrm{C}^{-}\) have a negative sign in the upper right hand corner? b) What feature distinguishes a neutral atom from an ion? c) Provide an expression for calculating the charge on an ion.

What structural feature is different in isotopes of a particular element?

How many neutrons are found in \({ }^{12} \mathrm{C}\) ? \({ }^{13} \mathrm{C} ?^{13} \mathrm{C}^{-}\) ?

How many electrons are found in \({ }^{12} \mathrm{C} ?^{13} \mathrm{C} ?{ }^{13} \mathrm{C}^{-}\) ?

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in one \({ }^{1} \mathrm{H}^{+}\) ion. Explain how you found your answer.
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