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Chapter 5: Problem 2

How many inner-shell electrons are there in a) H? b) Li? C) He?

Short Answer

Expert verified
a) Hydrogen (H) has 0 inner-shell electron. b) Lithium (Li) has 2 inner-shell electrons. c) Helium (He) also has 0 inner-shell electron.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding Inner-shell Electrons

Inner-shell electrons refer to the electrons located in any shell of an atom apart from the outermost shell. In the Bohr model of an atom, electrons move in defined circular paths, or shells.
02

Refer to the Periodic Table

The atomic number of an element shown in the Period Table indicates the number of protons in the nucleus of the element, which also equals to the total number of electrons in the neutral atom. For instance, Hydrogen (H) has atomic number 1, meaning it has one electron; Helium (He) has atomic number 2, indicating it has two electrons; and Lithium (Li) has atomic number 3, indicating it has three electrons.
03

Determine the Number of Inner-shell Electrons for H

With the atomic number 1, hydrogen atom has only one electron which is located in the only shell, the first shell.
04

Determine the Number of Inner-shell Electrons for He

Helium has 2 electrons. Similar to hydrogen, its electrons are also located in the first shell.
05

Determine the Number of Inner-shell Electrons for Li

For lithium, with atomic number 3, the first 2 electrons can go in the first shell, and the next electron will go in the second shell. Therefore, lithium has 2 inner-shell electrons.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

How many electrons are in the valence shell of a) H? b) Li? C) He?

Locate H, Li, and Na on the periodic table. a) Describe any relationship between the core charge of these atoms, the number of valence electrons, and their positions in the periodic table. b) Describe any relationship between the valence shell of these atoms and their positions in the periodic table. c) Based on its position in the periodic table, predict the valence shell, core charge, and number of valence electrons for \(\mathrm{Rb}\). d) Using the shell model and referring to the Coulombic Potential Energy relationship (equation in Model 1, CA3), explain clearly how the \(\mathrm{IE}_{1}\) for \(\mathrm{Rb}\) is consistent with your answer to part c.

How many electrons does Na have in shell \(n=1 ? n=2 ? n=3\) ?

Assuming that the valence shells of \(\mathrm{Li}\) and \(\mathrm{Be}\) are at approximately the same distance from their nuclei, explain how the core charges of \(\mathrm{Li}\) and \(\mathrm{Be}\) are consistent with the \(\mathrm{IE}_{1}\) values for \(\mathrm{Li}(0.52 \mathrm{MJ} / \mathrm{mole})\) and Be \((0.90 \mathrm{MJ} / \mathrm{mole})\).

What is the core charge of Li?
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