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Chapter 12: Problem 10

Indicate the total number of electrons in the Lewis structure in Model 3 for each molecule below. a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) c) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The total number of electrons in the Lewis structure for H2CO is 16, for N2 is 14, and for Cl2 is 14.

Step by step solution

01

Identify the electron count for each atom in H2CO

In H2CO, there are two hydrogen atoms, one carbon atom, and one oxygen atom. Hydrogen (H) has 1 electron, carbon (C) has 6 electrons, and oxygen (O) has 8 electrons. Since there are two hydrogen atoms in the molecule, we multiply the number of hydrogen electrons by 2. Hence, total electrons in H2CO will be (2*1) + 6 + 8 = 16.
02

Identify the electron count for N2

The molecule N2 consists of two nitrogen atoms. Nitrogen (N) has 7 electrons. As there are two nitrogen atoms in the molecule, we multiply the number of nitrogen electrons by 2. Hence, total electrons in N2 will be 2*7 = 14.
03

Identify the electron count for Cl2

The molecule Cl2 consists of two chlorine atoms. Chlorine (Cl) has 7 electrons in its valence shell. Since there are two chlorine atoms in the molecule, we multiply the number of chlorine electrons by 2. Hence, total electrons in Cl2 will be 2*7 = 14.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Given the shell model of the atom, suggest a possible reason that Lewis proposed a maximum of two electrons for hydrogen and a maximum of eight for carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine atoms.

Draw the Lewis representation for each of the following atoms. a) iodine b) sulfur c) phosphorus

Calculate the total number of valence electrons in each of these molecules by summing up the number of valence electrons present in each constituent atom. In each case, explicitly show how you reached your final answer. a) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}\) b) \(\mathrm{N}_{2}\) c) \(\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\)

Create a checklist that can be used to determine if a Lewis structure for a molecule is correct. Two items from the Information section are included below as a start. H must be surrounded by two electrons - a single bond. C, \(\mathrm{N}, \mathrm{O}\), and \(\mathrm{F}\) must be surrounded by eight electrons (the octet rule).

Use your checklist to determine whether or not the following is a valid structure for \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}:\) $$\ddot{\mathrm{O}}=\mathrm{C}=\ddot{\mathrm{O}}$$ For each item in your checklist, describe how you determined whether or not it was met. Then indicate whether or not the above structure is valid.
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