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Chapter 19: Problem 6

Describe the trend in EN moving left to right across a period of the periodic table.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The Electronegativity (EN) increases from left to right across a period in the Periodic Table.

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the concept of Electronegativity (EN)

Before describing the trend, it's crucial to understand what Electronegativity is. EN is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density). The Pauling scale is most commonly used to measure EN.
02

Understanding the periodic table layout

The Periodic Table is arranged with elements in order of increasing atomic number. In a period (horizontal row) of the Periodic Table, the atomic number increases from left to right.
03

Describing the trend

As one moves from left to right across a period in the Periodic Table, the EN of the elements tends to increase. This increase in EN is due to an increase in the number of protons (positive charge) in the nucleus, which creates a higher attractive force for electrons, and a smaller atomic radius that places the bonding electrons closer to the positively-charged nucleus. Also, the addition of electrons in the same energy shell prevents significant electron-electron repulsion.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Describe the trend in EN moving down a group of the periodic table.

In terms of AVEE, explain why Na is more likely to form \(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\) than \(\mathrm{O}\) is to form \(\mathrm{O}^{+}\)

a) There is one valence electron in a \(\mathrm{H}\) atom. What is the average ionization energy of the one valence electron in \(\mathrm{H}\) ? (Note that this is a very easy question because there is only one valence electron!) b) There are two valence electrons in a He atom. What is the average ionization energy of the two valence electrons in He? (Again, an easy question because both valence electrons have the same IE!) c) Which atom, \(\mathrm{H}\) or He, holds its valence electron(s) "more tightly" on average? Explain your reasoning.

Use the shell model of atoms and the concept of core charge to explain why the AVEE of atoms generally decreases from top to bottom down a group.

Use the shell model of atoms and the concept of core charge to explain why the AVEE of atoms generally increases from left to right across a period.
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