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Chapter 39: Problem 9

Write the solubility constant expression, \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\), for each reaction below. a) \(\mathrm{AgCl}(\mathrm{s}) \rightleftarrows \mathrm{Ag}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{Cl}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})\) b) \(\mathrm{Cu}_{3}\left(\mathrm{PO}_{4}\right)_{2}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightleftarrows 3 \mathrm{Cu}^{2+}(\mathrm{aq})+2 \mathrm{PO}_{4}^{3-}(\mathrm{aq})\) c) \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightleftarrows 2 \mathrm{Li}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{CO}_{3}^{2-(\mathrm{aq})}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
The expressions for the solubility product constant, \(K_{sp}\), are as follows: For \(AgCl(s)\), \(K_{sp} = [Ag^{+}][Cl^{-}]\). For \(Cu_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}(s)\), \(K_{sp} = [Cu^{2+}]^{3}[PO_{4}^{3-}]^{2}\). For \(Li_{2}CO_{3}(s)\), \(K_{sp} = [Li^{+}]^{2}[CO_{3}^{2-}]\).

Step by step solution

01

Expressions for AgCI

Start by writing the solubility constant expression for the given reaction: \(AgCl(s) \rightleftarrows Ag^{+}(aq) + Cl^{-}(aq)\). Only the ions in the solution contribute to the \(K_{sp}\) expression. Therefore, the solubility product constant expression is: \(K_{sp} = [Ag^{+}][Cl^{-}]\)
02

Expressions for Cu3(PO4)2

Now write the \(K_{sp}\) expression for: \(Cu_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}(s) \rightleftarrows 3Cu^{2+}(aq) + 2PO_{4}^{3-}(aq)\). The solubility product constant expression will be: \(K_{sp} = [Cu^{2+}]^{3}[PO_{4}^{3-}]^{2}\). The exponents in the expression come from the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.
03

Expressions for Li2CO3

Finally, write the \(K_{sp}\) expression for: \(Li_{2}CO_{3}(s) \rightleftarrows 2Li^{+}(aq) + CO_{3}^{2-}(aq)\). The solubility product constant expression will be: \(K_{sp} = [Li^{+}]^{2}[CO_{3}^{2-}]\). Here the exponents also come from the stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A solution of lithium carbonate, \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}\), reaches equilibrium with its solid after \(0.0742\) moles of the solid have dissolved in \(1.00\) liter. A student suggests that the value of \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) for lithium carbonate is \((0.0742)^{2}(0.0742) .\) Explain why the student is not correct and then calculate the correct value of \(K_{\mathrm{sp}}\) for lithium carbonate.

A student adds \(0.07\) moles of an ionic compound to \(500 \mathrm{~mL}\) of water and all of the material dissolves. Is the ionic compound soluble, insoluble, moderately soluble, or is it impossible to tell? Explain your reasoning and include at least one calculation in your analysis.

Is \(\mathrm{Mg}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) considered to be a soluble or insoluble compound? Explain how you reached this conclusion.
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