These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson. a. From Thomson's work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important for the formation of compounds (chemical changes), and why? b. Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds, and why? c. Propose three models that explain Thomson's findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson's findings.

J.J. Thomson is known for his discovery of the electron, and he would likely view electrons as the most important particles for the formation of compounds. The reason for this is that electrons play a crucial role in chemical reactions by moving between atoms and forming bonds. The exchange of electrons is the basis for chemical changes and compound formation.

For J.J. Thomson, the second most important subatomic particle for forming compounds would be protons. Protons, found in the nucleus, contribute to an element's identity and play a role in forming compounds by determining the positive charge of the nucleus, which attracts the negatively charged electrons in chemical reactions.

Model 1: The Plum Pudding Model: In this model, Thomson proposed that the atom is composed of a positively charged sphere in which negatively charged electrons are dispersed, similar to a pudding in which plums are present. This model explains his findings, as it accounts for the negatively charged electrons, which seem to be involved in chemical reactions. Model 2: The Planetary Model (Rutherford): Although not proposed by Thomson himself, the Planetary Model by Ernest Rutherford was directly inspired by Thomson's research. In this model, the atom is composed of a dense, positively charged nucleus at the center, with negatively charged electrons orbiting around it, like planets orbiting the sun. This model also supports Thomson's discovery of electrons and emphasizes their importance in compound formation. Model 3: The Bohr Model (Bohr): Another model proposed to explain Thomson's findings of electrons was the Bohr Model. In this model, electrons exist in discrete energy levels and orbit the nucleus only at specific distances. When an electron transitions between these levels, it either absorbs or emits energy. This model improved the understanding of how electrons interact during chemical reactions, further emphasizing their importance in chemical changes and compound formation. In conclusion, J.J. Thomson would feel that electrons are the most important particles for compound formation due to their role in chemical bonding. Protons would be the second most important in his view, as they contribute to the attraction of electrons in reactions. The models proposed to explain Thomson's findings, such as the Plum Pudding Model, Planetary Model, and Bohr Model, all emphasize the importance of the electron in forming compounds.