Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 1: Problem 43

How many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of each of the following atoms? In a neutral atom of each element, how many electrons are present? a. \(^{79} \mathrm{Br}\) d. \(^{133} \mathrm{Cs}\) b. \(^{81} \mathrm{Br}\) e. \(^{3} \mathrm{H}\) c. \(^{239} \mathrm{Pu}\) f. \(^{56} \mathrm{Fe}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. \(^{79} Br\): 35 protons, 44 neutrons, 35 electrons d. \(^{133} Cs\): 55 protons, 78 neutrons, 55 electrons b. \(^{81} Br\): 35 protons, 46 neutrons, 35 electrons e. \(^{3} H\): 1 proton, 2 neutrons, 1 electron c. \(^{239} Pu\): 94 protons, 145 neutrons, 94 electrons f. \(^{56} Fe\): 26 protons, 30 neutrons, 26 electrons

Step by step solution

01

Finding the number of Protons

Since Bromine (Br) has an atomic number of 35, it has 35 protons.
02

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (79): \( 79 - 35 = 44 \) neutrons.
03

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Bromine-79, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 35 electrons. d. \( ^{133} Cs \)
04

Finding the number of Protons

Since Cesium (Cs) has an atomic number of 55, it has 55 protons.
05

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (133): \( 133 - 55 = 78 \) neutrons.
06

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Cesium-133, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 55 electrons. b. \( ^{81} Br \)
07

Finding the number of Protons

Since Bromine (Br) has an atomic number of 35, it has 35 protons.
08

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (81): \( 81 - 35 = 46 \) neutrons.
09

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Bromine-81, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 35 electrons. e. \( ^{3} H \)
10

Finding the number of Protons

Since Hydrogen (H) has an atomic number of 1, it has 1 proton.
11

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (3): \( 3 - 1 = 2 \) neutrons.
12

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Hydrogen-3 (Tritium), the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 1 electron. c. \( ^{239} Pu \)
13

Finding the number of Protons

Since Plutonium (Pu) has an atomic number of 94, it has 94 protons.
14

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (239): \( 239 - 94 = 145 \) neutrons.
15

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Plutonium-239, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 94 electrons. f. \( ^{56} Fe \)
16

Finding the number of Protons

Since Iron (Fe) has an atomic number of 26, it has 26 protons.
17

Finding the number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons, subtract the number of protons from the mass number (56): \( 56 - 26 = 30 \) neutrons.
18

Finding the number of Electrons

In a neutral atom of Iron-56, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, which is 26 electrons.

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

A chemistry instructor makes the following claim: "Consider that if the nucleus were the size of a grape, the electrons would be about 1 mile away on average." Is this claim reasonably accurate? Provide mathematical support.

These questions are designed to be used by groups of students in class. Paracelsus, a sixteenth-century alchemist and healer, adopted as his slogan: "The patients are your textbook, the sickbed is your study." Is this view consistent with using the scientific method?

A combustion reaction involves the reaction of a substance with oxygen gas. The complete combustion of any hydrocarbon (binary compound of carbon and hydrogen) produces carbon dioxide and water as the only products. Octane is a hydrocarbon that is found in gasoline. Complete combustion of octane produces 8 liters of carbon dioxide for every 9 liters of water vapor (both measured at the same temperature and pressure). What is the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms in a molecule of octane?

The isotope of an unknown element, \(\mathrm{X},\) has a mass number of 79\. The most stable ion of this isotope has 36 electrons and has a \(2-\) charge. Which of the following statements is(are) true? For the false statements, correct them. a. This ion has more electrons than protons in the nucleus. b. The isotope of \(X\) contains 38 protons. c. The isotope of \(X\) contains 41 neutrons. d. The identity of \(\mathrm{X}\) is strontium, \(\mathrm{Sr}\).

Dalton assumed that all atoms of the same element were identical in all their properties. Explain why this assumption is not valid.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation

Inorganic Chemistry

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free