Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 13: Problem 142

Use the Lewis acid-base model to explain the following reaction. $$\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}(a q)$$

Short Answer

Expert verified
In the given reaction, CO2 acts as a Lewis acid (electron-pair acceptor) and H2O acts as a Lewis base (electron-pair donor). The oxygen atom in the water molecule donates an electron pair to the carbon atom in the carbon dioxide molecule, forming a new bond and resulting in the formation of carbonic acid (H2CO3) in aqueous form. The reaction can be summarized as: \( \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) \, \text{(Lewis acid)} + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \, \text{(Lewis base)} \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}(a q) \).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the Lewis acid and base

To apply the Lewis acid-base model, first identify the Lewis acid and base in the given reaction. A Lewis acid is an electron-pair acceptor, while a Lewis base is an electron-pair donor. Here, CO2 is the Lewis acid, and H2O is the Lewis base.
02

Analyze the electron-pair donation and acceptance

In the reaction, the Lewis base (H2O) donates an electron pair, while the Lewis acid (CO2) accepts the electron pair. The oxygen atom in the water molecule has two lone electron pairs that can be donated. On the other hand, the carbon atom in the carbon dioxide molecule has empty orbitals that can accept electron pairs.
03

Formation of the product

As the Lewis base (H2O) donates an electron pair to the Lewis acid (CO2), a new bond is formed between the oxygen atom of the water molecule and the carbon atom of the carbon dioxide molecule. This results in the formation of carbonic acid (H2CO3), which exists in aqueous form (aq). The reaction can be summarized as follows: \( \mathrm{CO}_{2}(g) \, \text{(Lewis acid)} + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \, \text{(Lewis base)} \longrightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}(a q) \).

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

A codeine-containing cough syrup lists codeine sulfate as a major ingredient instead of codeine. The Merck Index gives \(\mathrm{C}_{36} \mathrm{H}_{44} \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{10} \mathrm{S}\) as the formula for codeine sulfate. Describe the composition of codeine sulfate. (See Exercise \(155 .\) ) Why is codeine sulfate used instead of codeine?

You have \(100.0 \mathrm{g}\) saccharin, a sugar substitute, and you want to prepare a \(\mathrm{pH}=5.75\) solution. What volume of solution can be prepared? For saccharin, \(\mathrm{HC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{4} \mathrm{NSO}_{3}, \mathrm{p} K_{\mathrm{a}}=11.70\) \(\left(p K_{a}=-\log K_{a}\right)\)

Aluminum hydroxide is an amphoteric substance. It can act as either a Brönsted-Lowry base or a Lewis acid. Write a reaction showing Al(OH) \(_{3}\) acting as a base toward \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) and as an acid toward OH \(^{-}\)

A typical sample of vinegar has a pH of \(3.0 .\) Assuming that vinegar is only an aqueous solution of acetic acid \(\left(K_{a}=1.8 \times\right.\) \(10^{-5}\) ), calculate the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar.

Consider \(0.25 \mathrm{M}\) solutions of the following salts: \(\mathrm{NaCl}\), RbOCI, KI, Ba(CIO_{ } _ { 2 } \text { , and } \mathrm { NH } _ { 4 } \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 } \text { . For each salt, indicate } whether the solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

The Earths Atmosphere

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free