Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 13: Problem 37

For each of the following aqueous reactions, identify the acid, the base, the conjugate base, and the conjugate acid. a. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) b. \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}\)

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\), Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\), Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\), Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\) b. Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\), Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\), Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{N}\), Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\) c. Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\), Base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\), Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{N}\), Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\)

Step by step solution

01

a. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}+\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\)#

Here, \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) accepts a proton from \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\) and forms \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\). Therefore, - Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\) - Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) - Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) - Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\)
02

b. \(\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\)#

In this reaction, \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\) donates a proton to \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) and forms \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{N}\). Therefore, - Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\) - Base: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\) - Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{N}\) - Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}\)
03

c. \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NH}^{+} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}\)#

In this case, \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) accepts a proton from \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\) and forms \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\). Therefore, - Acid: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{NH}^{+}\) - Base: \(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}^{-}\) - Conjugate Base: \(\mathrm{C}_{5}\mathrm{H}_{5}\mathrm{N}\) - Conjugate Acid: \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{3}\)

Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Hemoglobin (abbreviated Hb) is a protein that is responsible for the transport of oxygen in the blood of mammals. Each hemoglobin molecule contains four iron atoms that are the binding sites for \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) molecules. The oxygen binding is \(\mathrm{pH}\) dependent. The relevant equilibrium reaction is $$\mathrm{HbH}_{4}^{4+}(a q)+4 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Hb}\left(\mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{4}(a q)+4 \mathrm{H}^{+}(a q)$$ Use Le Châtelier's principle to answer the following. a. What form of hemoglobin, \(\mathrm{HbH}_{4}^{4+}\) or \(\mathrm{Hb}\left(\mathrm{O}_{2}\right)_{4},\) is favored in the lungs? What form is favored in the cells? b. When a person hyperventilates, the concentration of \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) in the blood is decreased. How does this affect the oxygenbinding equilibrium? How does breathing into a paper bag help to counteract this effect? (See Exercise 146.) c. When a person has suffered a cardiac arrest, injection of a sodium bicarbonate solution is given. Why is this necessary? (Hint: \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) blood levels increase during cardiac arrest.

Codeine \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{18} \mathrm{H}_{21} \mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)\) is a derivative of morphine that is used as an analgesic, narcotic, or antitussive. It was once commonly used in cough syrups but is now available only by prescription because of its addictive properties. If the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of a \(1.7 \times 10^{-3}-M\) solution of codeine is \(9.59,\) calculate \(K_{\mathrm{b}}\)

Calculate the pH of the following solutions: a. \(1.2 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{CaBr}_{2}\) b. \(0.84 M C_{6} H_{5} N H_{3} N O_{3}\left(K_{b} \text { for } C_{6} H_{5} N H_{2}=3.8 \times 10^{-10}\right)\) c. \(0.57 M \mathrm{KC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{2}\left(K_{\mathrm{a}} \text { for } \mathrm{HC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{2}=6.4 \times 10^{-5}\right)\)

A \(2.14-\mathrm{g}\) sample of sodium hypoiodite is dissolved in water to make 1.25 L of solution. The solution \(\mathrm{pH}\) is \(11.32 .\) What is \(K_{\mathrm{b}}\) for the hypoiodite ion?

Consider a \(0.60-M\) solution of \(\mathrm{HC}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{3},\) lactic acid \(\left(K_{\mathrm{a}}=\right.\) \(\left.1.4 \times 10^{-4}\right)\) a. Which of the following are major species in the solution? i. \(\mathrm{HC}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{3}\) ii. \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{3}^{-}\) iii. \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) iv. \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) \(\mathbf{v} . \mathrm{OH}^{-}\) b. Complete the following ICE table in terms of \(x,\) the amount (mol/L) of lactic acid that dissociates to reach equilibrium. c. What is the equilibrium concentration for \(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}_{3}^{-} ?\) d. Calculate the \(p H\) of the solution.
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Nuclear Chemistry

Read Explanation

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Chemistry Branches

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free