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Chapter 15: Problem 12

When \(\mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}(a q)\) is added to a solution containing a metal ion and a precipitate forms, the precipitate generally could be one of two possibilities. What are the two possibilities?

Short Answer

Expert verified
When Na3PO4 is added to a solution containing a metal ion, the precipitate formed could generally be one of two possibilities: silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) or calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2). These are the most common insoluble phosphate compounds that form precipitates with metal ions.

Step by step solution

01

List the Metal Ions Commonly Forming Precipitates with Phosphates

Some metal ions are known to form insoluble phosphate compounds which precipitate when Na3PO4 is added to a solution containing them. The most common possibilities are silver (Ag+), calcium (Ca²⁺), and magnesium (Mg²⁺). We will evaluate these possibilities.
02

Write Out the Possible Chemical Reactions

The possible reactions between the phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻) and the metal ions are: 1. Ag⁺ + PO₄³⁻ → Ag₃PO₄ (s) 2. Ca²⁺ + PO₄³⁻ → Ca₃(PO₄)₂ (s) 3. Mg²⁺ + PO₄³⁻ → Mg₃(PO₄)₂ (s)
03

Determine the Most Likely Precipitates

Based on the balanced chemical reactions in step 2 and the metal ions commonly known to form insoluble phosphate compounds, the two most likely possibilities of the precipitates formed when Na3PO4 is added to a solution containing a metal ion are: 1. Silver Phosphate (Ag3PO4) 2. Calcium Phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) These are the two typical precipitates formed when sodium phosphate is added to a solution containing metal ions.

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