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Chapter 20: Problem 43

How many bonds could each of the following chelating ligands form with a metal ion? a. acetylacetone (acacH), a common ligand in organometal:atalysts: b. diethylenetriamine, used in a variety of industrial processes: $$ \mathrm{NH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{NH}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{NH}_{2} $$ c. salen, a common ligand for chiral organometallic catalysts: d. porphine, often used in supermolecular chemistry as well as catalysis; biologically, porphine is the basis for many different types of porphyrin- containing proteins, including heme proteins:

Short Answer

Expert verified
In summary, the number of bonds each chelating ligand can form with a metal ion are: a. Acetylacetone (acacH): 2 bonds b. Diethylenetriamine (dien): 3 bonds c. Salen: 4 bonds d. Porphine: 4 bonds

Step by step solution

01

a. Acetylacetone (acacH)

Acetylacetone (acacH) has two donor atoms: one oxygen (O) atom on each side of the ligand. Each oxygen atom has two lone pairs of electrons, which can form bonds with a metal ion when one of them is donated to the ion. Therefore, acetylacetone can form two bonds with a metal ion since it has two donor atoms.
02

b. Diethylenetriamine (dien)

Diethylenetriamine (dien) has three donor atoms, which are the nitrogen (N) atoms in the molecule's structure: \( \mathrm{NH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{NH}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{CH}_{2}-\mathrm{NH}_{2} \) Each nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons available for donation to a metal ion, which allows them to form bonds. Thus, diethylenetriamine can form a total of three bonds with a metal ion.
03

c. Salen

Salen is a more complex ligand with two nitrogen and two oxygen donor atoms. The nitrogen atoms are present as amines, while the oxygen atoms are present as part of a phenolic ring structure. Each donor atom has a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to a metal ion, allowing them to form bonds. Therefore, salen can form a total of four bonds with a metal ion.
04

d. Porphine

Porphine is a large macrocyclic ligand, which forms the core structure of the more famous porphyrin ligands. Porphine has four nitrogen donor atoms, forming the core of the molecule. Each nitrogen atom has a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to a metal ion, allowing for the formation of coordination bonds. Consequently, porphine can form a total of four bonds with a metal ion.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw all the geometrical isomers of \(\mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{en})\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2} \mathrm{BrCl}^{+}\). Which of these isomers also have an optical isomer? Draw the various isomers.

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