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Chapter 20: Problem 70

One of the classic methods for the determination of the manganese content in steel involves converting all the manganese to the deeply colored permanganate ion and then measuring the absorption of light. The steel is first dissolved in nitric acid, producing the manganese(II) ion and nitrogen dioxide gas. This solution is then reacted with an acidic solution containing periodate ion; the products are the permanganate and iodate ions. Write balanced chemical equations for both of these steps.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Dissolution of steel in nitric acid: \(Mn (s) + 2HNO_3 (aq) \rightarrow Mn^{2+} (aq) + 2NO_2 (g) + H_2O (l) \) Reaction between manganese(II) ion and acidic periodate solution: \( 2Mn^{2+} (aq) + 5IO_4^{-} (aq) + 16H^+ (aq) \rightarrow 2MnO_4^{-} (aq) + 5IO_3^{-} (aq) + 8H_2O (l) \)

Step by step solution

01

Identify the reactants and products

In this step, the reactants are steel (assuming pure manganese for simplicity) and nitric acid. The products will be manganese(II) ion and nitrogen dioxide gas. The balanced equation will be: \(Mn (s) + 2HNO_3 (aq) \rightarrow Mn^{2+} (aq) + 2NO_2 (g) + H_2O (l) \) Step 2: Reaction between manganese(II) ion and acidic periodate solution
02

Identify the reactants and products

In this step, the reactants are manganese(II) ion and acidic periodate solution (IO4- ion). The products are permanganate (MnO4-) ion and iodate (IO3-) ion. The balanced equation will be: \( 2Mn^{2+} (aq) + 5IO_4^{-} (aq) + 16H^+ (aq) \rightarrow 2MnO_4^{-} (aq) + 5IO_3^{-} (aq) + 8H_2O (l) \)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Molybdenum is obtained as a by-product of copper mining or is mined directly (primary deposits are in the Rocky Mountains in Colorado). In both cases it is obtained as \(\mathrm{MoS}_{2},\) which is then converted to \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\). The \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) can be used directly in the production of stainless steel for high-speed tools (which accounts for about \(85 \%\) of the molybdenum used). Molybdenum can be purified by dissolving \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) in aqueous ammonia and crystallizing ammonium molybdate. Depending on conditions, either \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{Mo}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}\) or \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{6} \mathrm{Mo}_{7} \mathrm{O}_{24} \cdot 4 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) is obtained. a. Give names for \(\mathrm{MoS}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{MoO}_{3}\) b. What is the oxidation state of Mo in each of the compounds mentioned above?

Oxalic acid is often used to remove rust stains. What properties of oxalic acid allow it to do this?

Consider the pseudo-octahedral complex ion of \(\mathrm{Cr}^{3+},\) where \(\mathrm{A}\) and B represent ligands. Ligand A produces a stronger crystal field than ligand B. Draw an appropriate crystal field diagram for this complex ion (assume the A ligands are on the \(z\) -axis).

A compound related to acetylacetone is 1,1,1 -trifluoroacetylacetone (abbreviated Htfa): Htfa forms complexes in a manner similar to acetylacetone. (See Exercise \(47 .\) Both \(\mathrm{Be}^{2+}\) and \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) form complexes with tfa \(^{-}\) having the formula \(\mathrm{M}\) (tfa) \(_{2}\). Two isomers are formed for each metal complex. a. The \(\mathrm{Be}^{2+}\) complexes are tetrahedral. Draw the two isomers of Be(tfa)_2. What type of isomerism is exhibited by \(\mathrm{Be}(\mathrm{tfa})_{2} ?\) b. The \(\mathrm{Cu}^{2+}\) complexes are square planar. Draw the two isomers of \(\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{tfa})_{2} .\) What type of isomerism is exhibited by $\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{tfa})_{2} ?

The wavelength of absorbed electromagnetic radiation for \(\mathrm{CoBr}_{4}^{2-}\) is \(3.4 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{m} .\) Will the complex ion \(\mathrm{CoBr}_{6}^{4-} \mathrm{ab}\) sorb electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength longer or shorter than \(3.4 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{m} ?\) Explain.
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