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Chapter 21: Problem 28

Give the structure for each of the following. a. 4 -methyl- 1 -pentyne b. 2,3,3 -trimethyl- 1 -hexene c. 3 -ethyl- 4 -decene

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. H-C≡C-C-C-CH3 | CH3 b. H2C=CH-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 | CH3 c. CH3-CH2-CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | CH2-CH3

Step by step solution

01

Understanding the nomenclature of organic compounds

In organic chemistry, we name compounds based on the number of carbons in the longest chain and the type of functional groups present in the molecule. In this exercise, we will analyze the names of the compounds to find information about the main chain, branches, and functional groups.
02

Drawing the structure of 4-methyl-1-pentyne

First, we need to recognize the main chain in the compound. "Pentyne" indicates that our main chain will consist of 5 carbon atoms with a triple bond (yne). The triple bond is located in the first carbon since there is the number 1 before the "-pentyne." Secondly, there's a methyl group at the 4th carbon atom in the chain, as indicated by "4-methyl." Now, we can draw the structure for 4-methyl-1-pentyne as follows: 1. Draw a 5-carbon atom linear chain. 2. Add a triple bond between the first and second carbon. 3. Add a methyl group to the 4th carbon in the chain. The resulting structure is: H-C≡C-C-C-CH3 | CH3
03

Drawing the structure of 2,3,3-trimethyl-1-hexene

The name "hexene" indicates that our main chain will consist of 6 carbon atoms with a double bond (ene). The double bond is located in the first carbon, which is indicated by the number 1 before the "-hexene." We also have three methyl groups at carbons 2 and 3. Now, we can draw the structure for 2,3,3-trimethyl-1-hexene as follows: 1. Draw a 6-carbon atom linear chain. 2. Add a double bond between the first and second carbon. 3. Add three methyl groups, one at the 2nd carbon and two at the 3rd carbon in the chain. The resulting structure is: H2C=CH-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH3 | CH3
04

Drawing the structure of 3-ethyl-4-decene

The name "decene" indicates that our main chain will consist of 10 carbon atoms with a double bond (ene). The double bond is located in the fourth carbon, which is indicated by the number 4 before the "-decene." We also have an ethyl group at the 3rd carbon in the chain, as indicated by "3-ethyl." Now, we can draw the structure for 3-ethyl-4-decene as follows: 1. Draw a 10-carbon atom linear chain. 2. Add a double bond between the 4th and 5th carbon. 3. Add an ethyl group (CH2-CH3) to the 3rd carbon in the chain. The resulting structure is: CH3-CH2-CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 | CH2-CH3

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Most popular questions from this chapter

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