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Chapter 21: Problem 43

Draw the following. a. cis-2 -hexene b. trans- 2 -butene c. cis-2,3 -dichloro-2-pentene

Short Answer

Expert verified
The short answer to drawing the given molecules is as follows: Cis-2-hexene: H H H | | | H-C-C=C-C-C-H \| | H H H Trans-2-butene: H H | | H-C=C-C-H | | H H Cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene: H H H | | | H-C-C=C-C-C-H Cl|Cl| H H H

Step by step solution

01

Understand cis and trans isomers

Cis and trans isomers are a way to describe the orientation of groups around a double bond. In the cis isomer, the two groups are on the same side of the double bond, while in the trans isomer, the two groups are on opposite sides of the double bond.
02

Draw cis-2-hexene

1. Begin by drawing a chain of six carbons, since "hex" refers to six. 2. Add a double bond between the second and third carbons, as indicated by "2" in the name. 3. The name indicates it is a cis isomer, so make sure two identical groups (hydrogens in this case) on carbons 2 and 3 are on the same side of the double bond. 4. Fill in the remaining hydrogens so that each carbon has a total of four bonds. 5. The final structure is: H H H | | | H-C-C=C-C-C-H \| | H H H
03

Draw trans-2-butene

1. Begin by drawing a chain of four carbons, since "but" refers to four. 2. Add a double bond between the second and third carbons, as indicated by "2" in the name. 3. This time, the name indicates it is a trans isomer, meaning the two hydrogens on carbons 2 and 3 should be on opposite sides of the double bond. 4. Fill in the remaining hydrogens so that each carbon has a total of four bonds. 5. The final structure is: H H | | H-C=C-C-H | | H H
04

Draw cis-2,3-dichloro-2-pentene

1. Start by drawing a chain of five carbons, as "pent" refers to five. 2. Add a double bond between the second and third carbons, as indicated by "2" in the name. 3. Since this is a cis isomer, make sure the identical groups (hydrogens in this case) on carbons 2 and 3 are on the same side of the double bond. 4. Add the chlorine atoms to carbons 2 and 3, as indicated by the "2,3-dichloro" part of the name. Carbons 2 and 3 would each have one hydrogen only, and the remaining hydrogens fill the other carbons so that each carbon has a total of four bonds. 5. The final structure is: H H H | | | H-C-C=C-C-C-H Cl|Cl| H H H

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