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Chapter 3: Problem 140

Which of the following statements is(are) correct? a. The symbols for the clements magnesium, aluminum, and xenon are \(\mathrm{Mn}, \mathrm{Al},\) and \(\mathrm{Xe},\) respectively. b. The elements \(P, A s,\) and \(B i\) are in the same family on the periodic table. c. All of the following elements are expected to gain electrons to form ions in ionic compounds: Ga, Se, and Br. d. The elements \(\mathrm{Co}, \mathrm{Ni},\) and \(\mathrm{Hg}\) are all transition elements. e. The correct name for \(\mathrm{TiO}_{2}\) is titanium dioxide.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The correct statements are b, d, and e.

Step by step solution

01

Statement a: Mg, Al, and Xe symbols

The given symbols are Mn, Al, and Xe. To verify their correctness, let's check the periodic table: - Mg (not Mn) is the symbol for Magnesium - Al is the symbol for Aluminum - Xe is the symbol for Xenon So, statement a is incorrect.
02

Statement b: P, As, and Bi elements' family

Let's check the periodic table to see if these elements belong to the same family: - P is Phosphorus, which belongs to Group 15 - As is Arsenic, which also belongs to Group 15 - Bi is Bismuth, which, too, belongs to Group 15 All of these elements are in the same family (Group 15), so statement b is correct.
03

Statement c: Ga, Se, and Br gaining electrons

In general, metals lose electrons and non-metals gain electrons when forming ions in ionic compounds. Let's find out whether these elements are metal or non-metal: - Ga is Gallium, which is a metal - Se is Selenium, which is a non-metal - Br is Bromine, which is a non-metal Since Ga is a metal, it would lose electrons instead of gaining them. So, statement c is incorrect.
04

Statement d: Co, Ni, and Hg being transition elements

Transition elements are located in the d-block of the periodic table. Let's verify the placement of these elements: - Co is Cobalt, which is in the d-block - Ni is Nickel, which is also in the d-block - Hg is Mercury, which is in the d-block as well All of these elements are transition elements (located in the d-block), so statement d is correct.
05

Statement e: Name of TiO2

TiO2 is a compound containing Titanium (Ti) and Oxygen (O). To name the compound, look at the positive and negative ions present: - Ti is Titanium, which forms a +4 ion - O is Oxygen, which forms a -2 ion Since there are two Oxygen atoms, the compound will have a balanced charge. In naming the compound, we use prefixes to indicate the number of atoms. For this compound, we have: - Titanium: No prefix, as there is only one Ti atom - Oxygen: "di" prefix, as there are two O atoms Hence, the name is Titanium Dioxide, and statement e is correct. In conclusion, the correct statements are b, d, and e.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Which member of the following pairs would you expect to be more energetically stable? Justify each choice. a. NaBr or \(\mathrm{NaBr}_{2}\) b. \(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}\) or \(\mathrm{ClO}_{4}^{-}\) c. \(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\) or \(\mathrm{XeO}_{4}\) d. \(\mathrm{OF}_{4}\) or \(\mathrm{SeF}_{4}\)

Which compound in each of the following pairs of ionic substances has the most negative lattice energy? Justify your answers. a. LiF, CsF b. NaBr, NaI c. \(\mathrm{BaCl}_{2}, \mathrm{BaO}\) d. \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}, \mathrm{CaSO}_{4}\) e. \(\mathrm{KF}, \mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) f. \(\mathrm{Li}_{2} \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{S}\)

For each of the following, write an equation that corresponds to the energy given. a. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) b. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Br}\) c. lattice energy of \(\mathrm{MgS}\) d. \(O=O\) double bond energy beginning with \(O_{2}(g)\) as a reactant

Consider the following energy changes: Magnesium oxide exists as \(\mathrm{Mg}^{2+} \mathrm{O}^{2-}\) and not as \(\mathrm{Mg}^{+} \mathrm{O}^{-}\) Explain.

Write Lewis structures for the following. Show all resonancestructures where applicable.a. \(\mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-}, \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-}, \mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4}\left(\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{4} \text { exists as } \mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{N}-\mathrm{NO}_{2} .\right)\) b. \(\mathrm{OCN}^{-}, \mathrm{SCN}^{-}, \mathrm{N}_{3}^{-}\) (Carbon is the central atom in \(\mathrm{OCN}^{-}\) and \(\mathrm{SCN}^{-} .\) )
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