Some bismuth tablets, a medication used to treat upset stomachs, contain \(262 \mathrm{mg}\) of bismuth subsalicylate, \(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{BiO}_{4},\) per tablet. Assuming two tablets are digested, calculate the mass of bismuth consumed.

We need to find the molar mass of bismuth subsalicylate. Using the periodic table, we find that: Bi : \(208.98\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}\) C : \(12.01\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}\) H : \(1.01\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}\) O : \(16.00\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}\) Now, we can calculate the molar mass of bismuth subsalicylate (\(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{BiO}_{4}\)): \[ M_{C_{7}H_{5}BiO_{4}} = 7 \times M_C + 5 \times M_H + M_{Bi} + 4 \times M_O \] \[ M_{C_{7}H_{5}BiO_{4}} = 7 \times 12.01 \thinspace g∙mol^{-1} + 5 \times 1.01 \thinspace g∙mol^{-1} + 208.98 \thinspace g∙mol^{-1} + 4 \times 16.00 \thinspace g∙mol^{-1} \] \[ M_{C_{7}H_{5}BiO_{4}} = 362.23\thinspace g∙mol^{-1} \] Now, we can find the number of moles of bismuth subsalicylate in one tablet: \[ \text{moles} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} = \frac{262\thinspace mg}{362.23\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}} = \frac{0.262\thinspace g}{362.23\thinspace g∙mol^{-1}} \] \[ \text{moles} = 7.23\times10^{-4} \thinspace mol \]

Since the mole ratio of bismuth (Bi) to bismuth subsalicylate (\(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{BiO}_{4}\)) is 1:1, the number of moles of bismuth in one tablet will be the same as the number of moles of bismuth subsalicylate in one tablet. Moles of bismuth in one tablet = 7.23 × 10^{-4} mol

To convert the moles of bismuth to mass (in mg), we will use the molar mass of bismuth: Mass of bismuth in one tablet = moles × molar mass \[ \text{Mass}_{\text{Bi}} = 7.23\times10^{-4} \thinspace mol \times 208.98 \thinspace g∙mol^{-1} \] Mass of bismuth in one tablet = 0.151 g = 151 mg

Since two tablets are consumed, we need to multiply the mass of bismuth in one tablet by 2: Total mass of bismuth consumed = 2 × Mass of bismuth in one tablet Total mass of bismuth consumed = 2 × 151 mg = 302 mg The mass of bismuth consumed after digesting two bismuth tablets is 302 mg.