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Chapter 5: Problem 152

Consider samples of phosphine \(\left(\mathrm{PH}_{3}\right),\) water \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right),\) hydrogen sulfide \(\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{S}\right),\) and hydrogen fluoride (HF), each with a mass of \(119 \mathrm{g} .\) Rank the compounds from the least to the greatest number of hydrogen atoms contained in the samples.

Short Answer

Expert verified
The moles of each compound are as follows: \(1.18 \, \text{moles of PH}_3\), \(6.61 \, \text{moles of H}_2\text{O}\), \(2.96 \, \text{moles of H}_2\text{S}\), and \(13.23 \, \text{moles of HF}\). Multiplying the moles by the number of hydrogen atoms in each compound, we find that there are \(3.54 \times 10^{24}\) hydrogen atoms in PH3, \(7.95 \times 10^{24}\) in H2O, \(5.93 \times 10^{24}\) in H2S, and \(7.97 \times 10^{24}\) in HF. Thus, the ranking from least to greatest number of hydrogen atoms is: PH3, H2S, H2O, and HF.

Step by step solution

01

Compute the moles of each compound

For each compound, calculate the number of moles using the formula: moles = mass / molar mass For each compound: - compute the molar mass (mass of one mole). - calculate the number of moles.
02

Determine the number of hydrogen atoms in each compound

For each compound, determine the number of hydrogen atoms it contains based on its chemical formula.
03

Calculate the total number of hydrogen atoms in the samples of each compound

Multiply the number of moles of each compound by the number of hydrogen atoms it contains.
04

Rank the compounds based on the total number of hydrogen atoms

Now that we have the total number of hydrogen atoms in the samples of each compound, rank them from the least to the greatest number of hydrogen atoms.

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