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Chapter 5: Problem 157

Which of the following statements about chemical equations is(are) true? a. When balancing a chemical equation, you can never change the coefficient in front of any chemical formula. b. The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation refer to the number of grams of reactants and products. c. In a chemical equation, the reactants are on the right and the products are on the left. d. When balancing a chemical equation, you can never change the subscripts of any chemical formula. e. In chemical reactions, matter is neither created nor destroyed so a chemical equation must have the same number of atoms on both sides of the equation.

Short Answer

Expert verified
Statements d and e are true. Statement d is true because we should never change the subscripts of any chemical formula when balancing a chemical equation. Statement e is true because, according to the law of conservation of mass, a balanced chemical equation must have the same number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation.

Step by step solution

01

Statement a

In a chemical equation, when balancing, we must change the coefficients to ensure that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. Therefore, statement a is false.
02

Statement b

The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation represent the stoichiometric amounts, i.e., the ratio of the number of molecules (or moles) of reactants and products. They do not refer to the number of grams of reactants and products. Therefore, statement b is false.
03

Statement c

In a chemical equation, the reactants are on the left side, and the products are on the right side. Statement c contradicts this, meaning it is false.
04

Statement d

When balancing a chemical equation, we should never change the subscripts of any chemical formula because doing so would change the identity of the substance. We can only change the coefficients in front of the chemical formulas to balance the equation. Therefore, statement d is true.
05

Statement e

The law of conservation of mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Hence, a balanced chemical equation must have the same number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation. This means statement e is true. Conclusion: Statements d and e are true.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

ABS plastic is a tough, hard plastic used in applications requiring shock resistance. The polymer consists of three monomer units: acrylonitrile \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{N}\right),\) butadiene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{6}\right),\) and styrene \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)\) a. A sample of ABS plastic contains \(8.80 \% \mathrm{N}\) by mass. It took \(0.605 \mathrm{g}\) of \(\mathrm{Br}_{2}\) to react completely with a \(1.20-\mathrm{g}\) sample of ABS plastic. Bromine reacts 1: 1 (by moles) with the butadiene molecules in the polymer and nothing else. What is the percent by mass of acrylonitrile and butadiene in this polymer? b. What are the relative numbers of each of the monomer units in this polymer?

Balance the following equations: a. \(\operatorname{Cr}(s)+\mathrm{S}_{8}(s) \rightarrow \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{S}_{3}(s)\) b. \(\mathrm{NaHCO}_{3}(s) \stackrel{\text { Heat }}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{CO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g)\) c. \(\mathrm{KClO}_{3}(s) \stackrel{\text { Heat }}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{KCl}(s)+\mathrm{O}_{2}(g)\) d. \(\mathrm{Eu}(s)+\mathrm{HF}(g) \rightarrow \mathrm{EuF}_{3}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2}(g)\)

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A compound with molar mass \(180.1 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mol}\) has the following composition by mass: $$\begin{array}{|ll|}\hline C & 40.0 \% \\\H & 6.70 \% \\\O & 53.3 \% \\\\\hline\end{array}$$ Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of the compound.

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