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Chapter 6: Problem 108

Saccharin \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NO}_{3} \mathrm{S}\right)\) is sometimes dispensed in tablet form. Ten tablets with a total mass of 0.5894 g were dissolved in water. The saccharin was oxidized to convert all the sulfur to sulfate ion, which was precipitated by adding an excess of barium chloride solution. The mass of BaSO_ obtained was \(0.5032 \mathrm{g} .\) What is the average mass of saccharin per tablet? What is the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The average mass of saccharin per tablet is 0.03949 g (or 39.49 mg), and the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets is 66.98%.

Step by step solution

01

Write balanced chemical equation for the reaction

First, we need to write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of saccharin with barium chloride to produce barium sulfate and other products: \( C_7H_5NO_3S + Ba^{2+} \rightarrow BaSO_4 + \text{other products} \)
02

Calculate moles of BaSO4

To determine the mass of saccharin, we'll first find the moles of BaSO4 produced from the given mass of BaSO4 (0.5032 g). To do this, we need the molar mass of BaSO4: Molar mass of BaSO4 = Ba + S + 4 * O = 137.33 + 32.07 + 4 * 16.00 = 233.39 g/mol Now, we'll find the moles of BaSO4: moles of BaSO4 = mass of BaSO4 / molar mass of BaSO4 = 0.5032 g / 233.39 g/mol = 0.002156 mol
03

Calculate moles of saccharin

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that the mole ratio of saccharin to BaSO4 is 1:1. So, the moles of saccharin in the ten tablets are equal to the moles of BaSO4 produced. moles of saccharin = moles of BaSO4 = 0.002156 mol
04

Calculate mass of saccharin

Now, we'll find the mass of saccharin from its moles and molar mass. First, let's find the molar mass of saccharin: Molar mass of saccharin = C * 7 + H * 5 + N * 1 + O * 3 + S * 1 = 12.01 * 7 + 1.01 * 5 + 14.01 * 1 + 16.00 * 3 + 32.07 * 1 = 183.18 g/mol Then, we'll calculate the mass of saccharin: mass of saccharin = moles of saccharin * molar mass of saccharin = 0.002156 mol * 183.18 g/mol = 0.3949 g
05

Calculate average mass of saccharin per tablet

Now that we know the mass of saccharin in the ten tablets, we can find the average mass of saccharin per tablet: average mass of saccharin per tablet = mass of saccharin / number of tablets = 0.3949 g / 10 = 0.03949 g (or 39.49 mg)
06

Calculate average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets

Finally, we'll calculate the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets: average mass percent of saccharin = (mass of saccharin / total mass of tablets) * 100 = (0.3949 g / 0.5894 g) * 100 = 66.98 % So, the average mass of saccharin per tablet is 39.49 mg, and the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets is 66.98%.

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