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Chapter 6: Problem 25

Show how each of the following strong electrolytes "breaks up" into its component ions upon dissolving in water by drawing molecular-level pictures. a. NaBr f. \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\) b. \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) g. \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\) c. \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) h. HCIO_ d. \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) i. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (ammonium acetate) e. NaOH

Short Answer

Expert verified
a. NaBr dissociates into Na+ (aq) and Br- (aq). f. \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\) dissociates into Fe2+ (aq) and SO42- (aq). b. \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) dissociates into Mg2+ (aq) and 2 Cl- (aq). g. \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\) dissociates into K+ (aq) and MnO4- (aq). c. \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) dissociates into Al3+ (aq) and 3 NO3- (aq). h. HCIO dissociates into H+ (aq) and ClO- (aq). d. \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) dissociates into 2 NH4+ (aq) and SO42- (aq). i. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) dissociates into NH4+ (aq) and C2H3O2- (aq). e. NaOH dissociates into Na+ (aq) and OH- (aq).

Step by step solution

01

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of NaBr upon dissolving in water, NaBr is dissociated into Na+ and Br- ions.
02

Show Molecular-level pictures

Na+ (aq) + Br- (aq) f. \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\)
03

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\) upon dissolving in water, \(\mathrm{FeSO}_{4}\) is dissociated into Fe2+ and SO42- ions.
04

Show Molecular-level pictures

Fe2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) b. \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\)
05

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) upon dissolving in water, \(\mathrm{MgCl}_{2}\) is dissociated into Mg2+ and 2 Cl- ions.
06

Show Molecular-level pictures

Mg2+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) g. \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\)
07

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\) upon dissolving in water, \(\mathrm{KMnO}_{4}\) is dissociated into K+ and MnO4- ions.
08

Show Molecular-level pictures

K+ (aq) + MnO4- (aq) c. \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\)
09

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) upon dissolving in water, \(\mathrm{Al}\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}\right)_{3}\) is dissociated into Al3+ and 3 NO3- ions.
10

Show Molecular-level pictures

Al3+ (aq) + 3 NO3- (aq) h. HCIO
11

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of HCIO upon dissolving in water, HCIO is dissociated into H+ and ClO- ions.
12

Show Molecular-level pictures

H+ (aq) + ClO- (aq) d. \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\)
13

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) upon dissolving in water, \(\left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}\right)_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}\) is dissociated into 2 NH4+ and SO42- ions.
14

Show Molecular-level pictures

2 NH4+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) i. \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) (ammonium acetate)
15

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of \(\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\) upon dissolving in water, ammonium acetate is dissociated into NH4+ and C2H3O2- ions.
16

Show Molecular-level pictures

NH4+ (aq) + C2H3O2- (aq) e. NaOH
17

Identify the ions

In the dissociation of NaOH upon dissolving in water, NaOH is dissociated into Na+ and OH- ions.
18

Show Molecular-level pictures

Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

A 450.0 -mL sample of a 0.257 - \(M\) solution of silver nitrate is mixed with \(400.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.200 \mathrm{M}\) calcium chloride. What is the concentration of \(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\) in solution after the reaction is complete?

The unknown acid \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}\) can be neutralized completely by \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}\) according to the following (unbalanced) equation: $$ \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}(a q)+\mathrm{OH}^{-}(a q) \longrightarrow \mathrm{X}^{2-}(a q)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) $$ The ion formed as a product, \(\mathrm{X}^{2-},\) was shown to have 36 total electrons. What is element X? Propose a name for \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}\). To completely neutralize a sample of \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}, 35.6 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.175 \mathrm{M}\) \(\mathrm{OH}^{-}\) solution was required. What was the mass of the \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{X}\) sample used?

Which of the following solutions of strong electrolytes contains the largest number of ions: \(100.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.100 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NaOH}\), \(50.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.200 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{BaCl}_{2},\) or \(75.0 \mathrm{mL}\) of \(0.150 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{Na}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4} ?\)

Saccharin \(\left(\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{NO}_{3} \mathrm{S}\right)\) is sometimes dispensed in tablet form. Ten tablets with a total mass of 0.5894 g were dissolved in water. The saccharin was oxidized to convert all the sulfur to sulfate ion, which was precipitated by adding an excess of barium chloride solution. The mass of BaSO_ obtained was \(0.5032 \mathrm{g} .\) What is the average mass of saccharin per tablet? What is the average mass percent of saccharin in the tablets?

What acid and what base would react in aqueous solution so that the following salts appear as products in the formula equation? Write the balanced formula equation for each reaction. a. potassium perchlorate b. cesium nitrate c. calcium iodide
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