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Chapter 9: Problem 147

A 0.132 -mole sample of an unknown semiconducting material with the formula XY has a mass of \(19.0 \mathrm{g}\). The element X has an electron configuration of \([\mathrm{Kr}] 5 s^{2} 4 d^{10} .\) What is this semiconducting material? A small amount of the Y atoms in the semiconductor is replaced with an equivalent amount of atoms with an electron configuration of \([\mathrm{Ar}] 4 s^{2} 3 d^{10} 4 p^{5} .\) Does this correspond to n-type or p-type doping?

Short Answer

Expert verified
The molar mass of the semiconducting material XY is calculated as \(19.0 \,g \div 0.132 \,mol = 143.9 \frac{g}{mol}\). Element X is identified as Zn from its electron configuration. The molar mass of Y is calculated as \(143.9 \frac{g}{mol} - 65.38 \frac{g}{mol} (Zn) = 78.5 \frac{g}{mol}\), which corresponds to the element S (sulfur). Thus, the semiconducting material is ZnS. When some Y atoms are replaced by an element with electron configuration [Ar] \(4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^5\), that element is Br (bromine). Br has one more valence electron than S, so this corresponds to n-type doping.

Step by step solution

01

Calculate molar mass of XY

Given that the sample has a mass of 19.0 g and contains 0.132 moles, we can calculate the molar mass of the compound XY. Use the formula: Molar mass = Mass / Moles
02

Identify element X from its electron configuration

Element X has an electron configuration of [Kr] \(5s^2 4d^{10}\). Referring to the periodic table, we find that this electron configuration corresponds to the element Zn (zinc).
03

Identify element Y using molar mass

Now that we know the molar mass of XY and have identified X as Zn, we can find the molar mass of Y which will allow us to determine the identity of element Y. Molar mass of XY = Molar mass of X + Molar mass of Y Molar mass of Y = Molar mass of XY - Molar mass_of X Refer to the periodic table to find the identity of element Y using the calculated molar mass of Y.
04

Determine the type of doping when Y is replaced

When a small amount of Y atoms is replaced by atoms with an electron configuration of [Ar] \(4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^5\), identify this new element by referring to the periodic table. Once identified, compare the valence electrons of the original Y element and the replacement element. If the replacement element has more valence electrons than Y, it corresponds to n-type doping. If it has fewer valence electrons, it corresponds to p-type doping.

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