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Chapter 21: Q21.8P (page 972)
Which type of electrochemical cell has ? Which type shows an increase in free energy?
For voltaic cells, use the
For electrolytic cells, use
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During the redox balancing process, what step is taken to ensure thatloss equalsgain?
Consider the following voltaic cell
(a) In which direction do electrons flow in the external circuit?
(b) In which half-cell does oxidation occur?
(c) In which half-cell do electrons enter the cell?
(d) At which electrode are electrons consumed?
(e) Which electrode is negatively charged?
(f) Which electrode decreases in mass during cell operation?
(g) Suggest a solution for the cathode electrolyte.
(h) Suggest a pair of ions for the salt bridge.
(i) For which electrode could you use an inactive material?
(j) In which direction do anions within the salt bridge move to maintain charge neutrality?
(k) Write balanced half-reactions and an overall cell reaction.
A thin circular-disk earringin diameter is plated with a coating of gold thick from an localid="1663324101600" bath.
(a) How many days does it take to deposit the gold on one side of one earring if the current is(d of gold)?
(b) How many days does it take to deposit the gold on both sides of the pair of earrings?
(c) If the price of gold isper troy ounce (), what is the total cost of the gold plating?
The following reactions are used in batteries:
The reaction I is used in fuel cells, II in the automobile lead-acid battery, and III in an experimental high-temperature battery for powering electric vehicles. The aim is to obtain as much work as possible from a cell while keeping its weight to a minimum. (a) In each cell, find the moles of electrons transferred and . (b) Calculate the ratio, in kJ/g, ofto mass of reactants for each of the cells. Which has the highest ratio, which is the lowest, and why? (Note: For simplicity, ignore the masses of cell components that do not appear in the cell as reactants, including electrode materials, electrolytes, separators, cell casing, wiring, etc.)
(a) How many minutes does it take to form 10.0 Lof measured ataand from water if a current of 1.3 A passes through the electrolytic cell?
(b) What mass of forms?
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