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Chapter 9: 9.70_P_1 (page 340)

(a) List four physical characteristics of a solid metal.

(b) List two chemical characteristics of a metallic element.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Metals are the electropositive elements, donating electrons to form positive ions and becoming stable.

Step by step solution

01

: Physical characteristics of a solid metal: Physical characteristics of a solid metal

  • Metals are malleable and ductile.
  • Metals work well as electrical and heat conductors.
  • Metals can be polished and have a glossy (shiny) appearance.
  • Metals are solids at normal temperature (except mercury, which is liquid).
02

Chemical characteristics of a metallic element

  • Metals are ductile and malleable.
  • Metals combined with nonmetals or other metals to create alloys.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Lattice energies can also be calculated for covalent solids using a Born-Haber cycle, and the network solid silicon dioxide has one of the highest ΔHoLatticevalues. Silicon oxide is found in pure crystalline form as transparent rock quartz. Much harder than glass, this material was one prized for making lenses for optical devices and expensive spectacles. Use appendix B and the following data to calculateΔHoLattice of SiO2 :

Si(s)→Si(g)                  ΔHo=454kJSi(g)→Si4+(g)+4e-       ΔHo=9949kJO2(g)→2O(g)                ΔHo=498kJO(g)+2e-→O2-(g)     ​​​   ΔHo=737kJ

The energy of the C-C bond is 347 kJ/mol, and that of the Cl-Cl bond is 243 kJ/mol. Which of the following values might you expect for the C-Cl bond energy? Explain.

(a) 590 kJ/mol (sum of the values given)

(b) 104 kJ/mol (difference of the values given)

(c) 295 kJ/mol (average of the values given)

(d) 339 kJ/mol (greater than the average of the values given)

How much energy is released in the formation of one molecule of HCl by the following reaction?H+(g)+Cl-(g)→HCl(g) The bond energy of HCl is 431 kJ mol-1. Additional data can be found in tables in Chapter 8?

carbon- carbon bonds form the “backbone” of nearly every organic and biological molecule. The average bond energy of the C-C bond is 347kJ/mol. Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the least energetic photon that can break an average C-C bond. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this radiation?

Dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3 ) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH ) are constitutional isomers.

a) CalculateΔHorx for the formation of each compound as a gas from methane and oxygen; water vapor forms.

b) state which reaction is more exothermic.

c) calculateΔHorx for the conversion of ethanol to dimethyl ether
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