Chapter 24: Q24.72 P (page 1105)
How does a change in mass arise when a nuclide forms from nucleons?
Short Answer
The conversion of mass into binding energy to hold the nucleus causes a mass defect.
Chapter 24: Q24.72 P (page 1105)
How does a change in mass arise when a nuclide forms from nucleons?
The conversion of mass into binding energy to hold the nucleus causes a mass defect.
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The rd-century starship Enterprise uses a substance called “dilithium crystals” as its fuel.
(a) Assuming this material is the result of fusion, what is the product of the fusion of two nuclei ?
(b) How much energy is released per kilogram of dilithium formed? (Mass of one atom is 6.01512 amu.)
(c) When four atoms fuse to form , how many positrons are released?
(d) To determine the energy potential of the fusion processes in parts (b) and (c), compare the changes in mass per kilogram of dilithium and of .
(e) Compare the change in mass per kilogram in part (b) to that for the formation of by the method used in current fusion reactors
(f) Using early st-century fusion technology, how much tritium can be produced per kilogram of in the following reaction: ? When this amount of tritium is fused with deuterium, what is the change in mass? How does this quantity compare with the use of dilithium in part (b)?
If of the atoms of a radioactive isotope disintegrate in , what is the decay constant of the process?
Elements have been named rutherfordium (Rf), dubnium (Db), and seaborgium (Sg), respectively. These elements are synthesized from californium- by bombarding with carbon- , nitrogen- , and oxygen- nuclei, respectively. Four neutrons are formed in each reaction as well.
(a) Write balanced nuclear equations for the formation of these elements.
(b) Write the equations in shorthand notation.
A rock that contains mol of ( ) has fission tracks, each track representing the fission of one atom of . How old is the rock?
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