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Chapter 14: Q14.87P (page 623)

a) Give the physical state and color of each halogen at STP.

Short Answer

Expert verified

Halogens are a class of elements occupying group 17 of the periodic table. This group includes Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), and Astatine (At). This group is the only group that consists of the elements in all three states of matter at standard temperature and pressure. Fluorine is found as a very pale yellow gas.

Step by step solution

01

Given

To give the physical state and color of each halogen at STP.

02

Introduction

Halogens are a class of elements occupying group 17 of the periodic table. This group includes Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), and Astatine (At). Halogen means salt former because, on reacting with metals, they form salts. This group is the only group that consists of the elements in all three states of matter at standard temperature and pressure. IUPAC's accepted values for standard temperature and pressure are 273.15 K and about 1 atm, respectively.

03

Step 3: physical state and color of each halogen at STP

Halogen

Physical state

Color

Fluorine F

Gas

Very pale- yellow

Chlorine Cl

Gas

Pale yellow-green

Bromine Br

Liquid

Reddish-brown

Iodine I

Solid

Lustrous metallic grey solid

Astatine At

Solid (predicted)

Metallic(probable)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Question: (a) What is the range of oxidation states shown by the elements of Group 5A (15) as you move down the group?

(b) How does this range illustrate the general rule for the range of oxidation states in groups on the right side of the periodic table?

Question: One similarity between B and Si is the explosive combustion of their hydrides in air. Write balanced equations for the combustion of B2H6 and of Si4H10.

Hydrogen peroxide can act as either an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. (a) When H2O2 is treated with aqueous KI, I2 forms. In which roleH2O2 is acting? What is the oxygen- containing product formed? (b) When H2O2 is treated with acidic KMnO4, the purple color of MnO4-disappears and a gas forms . In which role isH2O2 acting? What is the oxygen-containing product formed?

Element E forms an oxide of general structure A and a chloride of general structure B:

A B

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(a) the molecular shape;

(b) the hybridization of E;

(c) the O.N. of E?

Iodine monochloride and elemental bromine have nearly the same molar mass and liquid density but very different boiling points.

(a) What molecular property is primarily responsible for this difference in boiling point? What atomic property gives rise to it? Explain.

(b) Which substance has a higher boiling point? Why?
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