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Chapter 3: Q47P (page 133)

What three types of information does a balanced chemical equation provide? How?

Short Answer

Expert verified

1). Identification of reactants and products

Examples: Magnesium, oxygen, magnesium oxide.

2). Physical states of reactants and products.

Examples: (s) solid, (g) gas, (l) liquid, and (aq) solution.

3). Mole ratios of reactants and products.

2 moles Mg to 1 moleO2 to 2 moles MgO.

Step by step solution

01

Determine the Physical state

Consider the reaction of magnesium with oxygen gas.

2Mg(s)+O2(g)→2MgO(s)

Here Mg and O2are reactants, MgO is the product and the arrow indicates the direction of the reaction proceed.

Whereas (s) indicates solid, (g) is gas. Also, 2Mg indicates 2 moles of Mg, and 2MgO is referred to as 2 moles of MgO.

02

Determine the information provide by the balanced chemical equation

1). Identification of reactants and products

Example. Magnesium, oxygen, magnesium oxide.

2). Physical states of reactants and products.

Example. (s) solid, (g) gas, (l) liquid, and (aq) solution.

3). Mole ratios of reactants and products.

2 moles Mg to 1 mole O2 to 2 moles MgO.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Cocaine (C17H21O4N) is a natural substance found in coca leaves, which have been used for centuries as a local anesthetic and stimulant. Illegal cocaine arrives in the United States either as the pure compound or as the hydrochloride salt (C17H21O4NHCl). At 25oC, the salt is very soluble in water (2.50 kg/L), but cocaine is much less so (1.70 g/L). (a) What is the maximum amount (in g) of the salt that can dissolve in 50.0 mL of water? (b) If the solution in part (a) is treated with NaOH, the salt is converted to cocaine. How much additional water (in L) is needed to dissolve it?

A mixture of 0.0375 g of hydrogen and 0.0185 mol of oxygen in a closed container is sparked to initiate a reaction. How many grams of water can form? Which reactant is in excess, and how many grams of it remain after the reaction?

For the reaction between solid tetraphosphorus trisulfide and oxygen gas to form solid tetraphosphorusdecaoxide and sulfur dioxide gas, write a balanced equation. Show the equation (see Table 3.5) in terms grams.

Many metals react with oxygen gas to form the metal oxide. For example, calcium reacts as follows:

2Ca(s)+O2(g)→2CaO(s)

You wish to calculate the mass of calcium oxide that can be prepared from 4.20 g of and 2.80 g of O2

(a) How many moles of CaO can be produced from the given mass of Ca ?

(b) How many moles of CaO can be produced from the given mass ofO2

(c) Which is the limiting reactant?

(d) How many grams of CaO can be produced?

In 1961, scientists agreed that the atomic mass unit (amu) would be defined as 1/12 the mass of an atom of 12C. Before then, it was defined as 1/16 the average mass of an atom of naturally occurring oxygen (a mixture of 16O, 17O, and 18O). The current atomic mass of oxygen is 15.9994 amu. (a) Did Avogadro’s number change after the definition of an amu changed and, if so, in what direction? (b) Did the definition of the mole change? (c) Did the mass of a mole of a substance change? (d) Before 1961, was Avogadro’s number 6.02×1023 (when considered to three significant figures), as it is today?
See all solutions

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