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Chapter 2: Q44P (page 40)
Write the notation for each atomic depiction:
(a)
(b)
(c)
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What are some characteristic properties of elements to the left of the elements along the “staircase”? To the right?
Show, with calculations, how the following data illustrate thelaw of multiple proportions:Compound 1: 47.5 mass % sulfur and 52.5 mass % chlorineCompound 2: 31.1 mass % sulfur and 68.9 mass % chlorine
Fill in the blanks:
(a) The symbol and atomic number of the heaviest nonradioactive noble gas are ________and ________.
(b) The symbol and group number of the Period 5 transition element whose atoms have the fewest protons are ________and ________.
(c) The elements in Group 6A(16) are sometimes called the chalcogens.The symbol and atomic number of the first metallic chalcogen are ________and ________.
(d) The symbol and number of protons of the Period 4 alkali metal atom are ________and ________.
Each scene below represents a mixture. Describe each one in terms of the number of elements and/or compounds present.
Which of the following are pure substances? Explain.
(a) Calcium chloride, used to melt ice on roads, consists of two elements, calcium and chlorine, in a fixed mass ratio.
(b) Sulfur consists of sulfur atoms combined into octatomic molecules.
(c) Baking powder, a leavening agent, contains 26% to 30% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 30% to 35% calcium dihydrogen phosphate by mass.
(d) Cytosine, a component of DNA, consists of H, C, N, and O atoms bonded in a specific arrangement.
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