Chapter 23: Q23.94P (page 1061)

Sketch the orientation of the orbitals relative to the ligands in an octahedral complex to explain the splitting and the relative energies of the $d_{xy}$ and the $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbitals.

Short Answer

Expert verified

There are repulsions between ligand's electrons and d electrons of the metal ion and they cause higher energy of the $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbital.

Step by step solution

Concept of crystal field splitting energy

The crystal field splitting energy $(Δ)$ represents the difference in energy between the two higher energy orbitals and the three lower energy d orbitals; there are five orbitals that are split into two higher energy orbitals and three lower energy orbitals because of the electrostatic attractions between the metal cation and ligands' negative charge.

Sketch of orbit

In octahedral complexes $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbital is pointed directly to ligands and $d_{x y}$ orbital is pointed between the ligands; ligands are going through axis. The repulsions occur between the ligand's electron pairs and d electrons in the metal ion, thus, the $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbital has higher energy than $d_{x y}$ .

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Sketch the orientation of the orbitals relative to the ligands in an octahedral complex to explain the splitting and the relative energies of the $d_{xy}$ and the $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbitals.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Concept of crystal field splitting energy

Sketch of orbit

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Sketch the orientation of the orbitals relative to the ligands in an octahedral complex to explain the splitting and the relative energies of the dxyand the dx2-y2orbitals.

Short Answer

Step by step solution

Concept of crystal field splitting energy

Sketch of orbit

One App. One Place for Learning.

Most popular questions from this chapter

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Chemical Reactions

Chemical Analysis

Inorganic Chemistry

Kinetics

Nuclear Chemistry

Chemistry Branches

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sketch the orientation of the orbitals relative to the ligands in an octahedral complex to explain the splitting and the relative energies of the $d_{xy}$ and the $d_{x^{2} - y^{2}}$ orbitals.