Log out Go to App
Go to App

Learning Materials

Features

Discover

Chapter 8: Q3 CYL (page 424)

Acetic acid, H3CC(O)OH, is the molecule that gives vinegar its odor and sour taste. What is the hybridization of the two carbon atoms in acetic acid?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The sp3d hybridization of H3C and sp2 of C(O)OH.

Step by step solution

01

Define hybridization

Hybridization is a concept in organic chemistry that is used to explain chemical bonding when the valence bond theory fails to provide an adequate explanation. This hypothesis is particularly useful for explaining organic molecules' covalent bonding.

02

Explanation

The hybridization in H3C is sp3 and C(O)OH is sp2.


Unlock Step-by-Step Solutions & Ace Your Exams!

  • Full Textbook Solutions

    Get detailed explanations and key concepts

  • Unlimited Al creation

    Al flashcards, explanations, exams and more...

  • Ads-free access

    To over 500 millions flashcards

  • Money-back guarantee

    We refund you if you fail your exam.

Start your free trial

Over 30 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

One App. One Place for Learning.

All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.

Get started for free

Most popular questions from this chapter

Draw a curve that describes the energy of a system with H and CI atoms at varying distances. Then, find the minimum energy of this curve two ways.

(a) Use the bond energy found in Table 8.1 to calculate the energy for one single HCl bond (Hint: How many bonds are in a mole?)

(b) Use the enthalpy of reaction and the bond energies for \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}}\)and \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}\)to solve for the energy of one mole of \({\rm{HCl}}\)bonds.

\({{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g) + C}}{{\text{l}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{(g)}} \rightleftharpoons {\text{2HCl(g)}}\) ΔH°rxn = −184.7 kJ/mol

A useful solvent that will dissolve salts as well as organic compounds is the compound acetonitrile, \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{CCN}}\). It is present in paint strippers. (a) Write the Lewis structure for acetonitrile, and indicate the direction of the dipole moment in the molecule. (b) Identify the hybrid orbitals used by the carbon atoms in the molecule to form \({\rm{\sigma }}\) bonds. (c) Describe the atomic orbitals that form the \({\rm{\pi }}\) bonds in the molecule. Note that it is not necessary to hybridize the nitrogen atom.

Draw the orbital diagram for carbon in showing how many carbon atom electrons are in each orbital.

In addition to \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\), two other fluoro derivatives of nitrogen are known: \({{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\) and \({{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\). What shapes do you predict for these two molecules? What is the hybridization for the nitrogen in each molecule?

Describe the molecular geometry and hybridization of the N, P, or S atoms in each of the following compounds. (a) \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{P}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}\), phosphoric acid, used in cola soft drinks (b) \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{N}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) , ammonium nitrate, a fertilizer and explosive (c) \({{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}\), disulfur dichloride, used in vulcanizing rubber (d) \({{\rm{K}}_{\rm{4}}}{\rm{[}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{POP}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{]}}\), potassium pyrophosphate, an ingredient in some toothpastes
See all solutions

Recommended explanations on Chemistry Textbooks

Ionic and Molecular Compounds

Read Explanation

Kinetics

Read Explanation

Organic Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Analysis

Read Explanation

Physical Chemistry

Read Explanation

Chemical Reactions

Read Explanation
View all explanations

What do you think about this solution?

We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.

Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.

Sign-up for free