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Chapter 8: Q5 CYL (page 433)

Label the molecular orbital shown as σ or Π, bonding or antibonding, and indicate where the node occurs.


Short Answer

Expert verified

It is called an σ orbital because it is placed along the internuclear axis. It's an antibonding orbital since there's a node that cuts the internuclear axis.

Step by step solution

01

Define bond

A bond is a long-term attraction between two atoms, molecules, or ions. Most bonding activity can be explained by the attraction of two electrical charges that are in opposition to one another.

02

Explanation

It is an σ orbital because it is placed along the internuclear axis. It is an antibonding orbital because a node bisects the internuclear axis.


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Most popular questions from this chapter

Calculate the bond order for an ion with this configuration: \({\left( {{{\bf{\sigma }}_{{\bf{2s}}}}} \right)^{\bf{2}}}{\left( {{\bf{\sigma }}_{{\bf{2s}}}^{\bf{*}}} \right)^{\bf{2}}}{\left( {{{\bf{\sigma }}_{{\bf{2px}}}}} \right)^{\bf{2}}}{\left( {{{\bf{\pi }}_{{\bf{2py}}}}{\bf{,}}{{\bf{\pi }}_{{\bf{2pz}}}}} \right)^{\bf{4}}}{\left( {{\bf{\pi }}_{{\bf{2py}}}^{\bf{*}}{\bf{,\pi }}_{{\bf{2pz}}}^{\bf{*}}} \right)^{\bf{3}}}\).

Strike-anywhere matches contain a layer of \({\rm{KCl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) and a layer of \({{\rm{P}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{3}}}\). The heat produced by the friction of striking the match causes these two compounds to react vigorously, which sets fire to the wooden stem of the match. \({\rm{KCl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}\) contains the \({\rm{Cl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}\) ion. \({{\rm{P}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{3}}}\) is an unusual molecule with the skeletal structure.

  1. Write Lewis structures for \({{\rm{P}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{3}}}\) and the \({\rm{Cl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}\) ion.
  2. Describe the geometry about the \({\rm{P}}\) atoms, the \({\rm{S}}\) atom, and the \({\rm{Cl}}\) atom in these species.
  3. Assign a hybridization to the \({\rm{P}}\) atoms, the \({\rm{S}}\)atom, and the \({\rm{Cl}}\) atom in these species.
  4. Determine the oxidation states and formal charge of the atoms in \({{\rm{P}}_{\rm{4}}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{3}}}\) and the \({\rm{Cl}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}^{\rm{ - }}\) ion.

In addition to \({\rm{N}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\), two other fluoro derivatives of nitrogen are known: \({{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\) and \({{\rm{N}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\). What shapes do you predict for these two molecules? What is the hybridization for the nitrogen in each molecule?

The main component of air is N2. From the molecular orbital diagram of N2, predict its bond order and whether it is diamagnetic or paramagnetic.

If molecular orbitals are created by combining five atomic orbitals from atom A and five atomic orbitals from atom B combine, how many molecular orbitals will result?
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