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Chapter 2: Q13E (page 118)

Open theBuild an Atom simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomBld)and click on the

Atom icon.

a. Pick any one of the first 10 elements that you would like to build and state its symbol.

b. Drag protons, neutrons, and electrons onto the atom template to make an atom of your element.

State the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in your atom, as well as the net charge and mass number.

c. Click on “Net Charge” and “Mass Number,” check your answers to (b), and correct, if needed.

d. Predict whether your atom will be stable or unstable. State your reasoning.

e. Check the “Stable/Unstable” box. Was your answer to (d) correct? If not, first predict what you can do to make a Stable atom of your element, and then do it and see if it works. Explain your reasoning.

Short Answer

Expert verified

In this question, the structure of the atom of the first 10 elements of the periodic table has been drawn. In addition, the protons, neutrons, and electrons are also shown in the diagram. We will also predict the stability of an atom in the following question.

Step by step solution

01

Drawing the structure and the symbol of the atom

We will draw the structure of an atom of elements which shows electrons, protons, and neutrons within the atom.

02

Explaining the reason for the stability of the atom

In the table, we will predict the stability of the atom and remarks to gain the stability as given.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol for each of the following elements:

(a) the halogen in the same period as the alkali metal with 11 protons

(b) the alkaline earth metal in the same period with the neutral noble gas with 18 electrons

(c) the noble gas in the same row as an isotope with 30 neutrons and 25 protons

(d) the noble gas in the same period as gold

Write the molecular and empirical formulas of the following compounds:

a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the “Mix Isotopes” tab, hide the “Percent Composition” and “Average Atomic Mass” boxes, and then select the element boron.

(a) Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts.

(b) Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice.

(c) Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes fromtheir bins or click on “More” and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts.

(d) Reveal the “Percent Composition” and “Average Atomic Mass” boxes. How well does your mixture match withyour prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction.

(e) Select “Nature’s” mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction comparewith the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match “Nature’s”amounts as closely as possible.

Write a symbol for each of the following neutral isotopes. Include the atomic number and mass number for each.(a) the chalcogen with a mass number of \({\bf{125}}\)(b) the halogen whose longest-lived isotope is radioactive(c) the noble gas, used in lighting, with \({\bf{10}}\) electrons and \({\bf{10}}\) neutrons(d) the lightest alkali metal with three neutrons

Determine the empirical formulas for the following compounds.

a. acetic acid, C2H4O2

b. citric acid, C6H8O7

c. hydrazine, N2H4

d. nicotine, C10H14N2

e. butane, C4H10

See all solutions

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