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Chapter 2: Q36E (page 128)

Use the build a molecule simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/1/16molbuilding) to repeat Exercise 2.34, but build a molecule with three carbons, seven hydrogens, and one chlorine.

  1. Draw the structural formula of this molecule and state its name.
  2. Can u arrange these atoms to make a different molecule? If so, draw its structural formula and state its name.
  3. How are molecules drawn in (a) and (b) the same? How do they differs? What are they called (the type of relationship between these molecules, not their names)?

Short Answer

Expert verified

(a) Structural formula:

\(\)

Name- \(1 - chloropropane\)

b.

Name- 2- Chloropropane

c. Molecular formula is same, structure is different, structural isomers.

Step by step solution

01

  write its molecular formula

(a.) So, the formula is C3H7Cl

(b) Name- 2- Chloropropane

(c) Molecular formula is same, structure is different, structural isomers.

02

:    Draw the structural formula according to molecular formula

03

:     write name according to structure

In propane Cl is attached at 1st carbon So, the name of compound is

1-Chloropropane

04

 Step 4:  part b. Change the place of Cl from 1st carbon to 2nd carbon.

05

Step 5:   Write the name of molecule according to structure

Name of new molecule is 2-Chloropropane

06

 Step 6: Compare both the structures to find the relation between them

In both a and b the molecular formula is same it means the no. of carbon and no. of hydrogen and no. of Chlorine are same.

Bothhave different structure of molecule because chlorine is connected at the first carbon in first part. Meanwhile, in second part the chlorine is connect at 2nd carbon.

So, the relation between these molecules – We know that those molecules which have same molecular formula but different structure called structural isomers.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The 18O: 16O abundance ratio in some meteorites is greater than that used to calculate the average atomic mass of oxygen on earth. Is the average mass of an oxygen atom in these meteorites greater than, less than, or equal to that of a terrestrial oxygen atom?

Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the “Mix Isotopes” tab, hide the “Percent Composition” and “Average Atomic Mass” boxes, and then select the element boron.

(a) Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts.

(b) Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice.

(c) Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes fromtheir bins or click on “More” and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts.

(d) Reveal the “Percent Composition” and “Average Atomic Mass” boxes. How well does your mixture match withyour prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction.

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Using the periodic table, predict whether the following chlorides are ionic or covalent: \(KCl,{\rm{ }}NC{l_3},{\rm{ }}ICl,{\rm{ }}MgC{l_2},{\rm{ }}PC{l_5},\)and \(CC{l_4}\).
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