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Chapter 7: Q101E (page 405)

The molecule XF3 has a dipole moment. Is X boron or phosphorus?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The molecular structure of \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\)is not symmetrical and hence dipole does not cancels out.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

It is a measure of the system's overall polarity .The electric dipole moment gives the separation of positive and negative electrical charges inside a system.

02

Find lone pair and dipole moment

There are no lone pairs in\({\rm{B}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\),however one lone pair is present in\({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\).

Therefore, as a result, the molecular structure of \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\) is asymmetrical, and the dipole does not cancel out.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

In the Lewis structures listed here, M and X represent various elements in the third period of the periodic table. Write the formula of each compound using the chemical symbols of each element:

Describe the molecular structure around the indicated atom or atoms:

  1. The sulfur atom in sulfuric acid, H2SO4 [ (HO)2 SO2]

  2. The chlorine atom in chloric acid, HClO3 [HOClO2]

  3. The oxygen atom in Hydrogen peroxide, HOOH

  4. The nitrogen atom in nitric acid, HNO3 [HONO2]

  5. The oxygen atom in OH group in nitric acid, HNO3 [HONO2]

  6. The central oxygen atom in the ozone molecule, O3

  7. Each of the carbon atoms in the propyne, CH3 CCH

  8. The carbon atom in Freon, CCl2 F2

  9. each of the carbon atoms in allene H2CCCH2

Methanol,\({{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{COH}}\), is used as the fuel in some race cars. Ethanol,\({{\text{C}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}}{\text{OH}}\), is used extensively as motor fuel in Brazil. Both methanol and ethanol produce\({\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}\)and\({{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}\)when they burn. Write the chemical equations for these combustion reactions using Lewis structures instead of chemical formulas.

What feature of a Lewis structure can be used to tell if a molecule’s (or ion’s) electron-pair geometry and molecular structure will be identical?

Explain the difference between electron-pair geometry and molecular structure.
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