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Chapter 7: Q101E (page 405)

The molecule XF3 has a dipole moment. Is X boron or phosphorus?

Short Answer

Expert verified

The molecular structure of \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\)is not symmetrical and hence dipole does not cancels out.

Step by step solution

01

Concept Introduction

It is a measure of the system's overall polarity .The electric dipole moment gives the separation of positive and negative electrical charges inside a system.

02

Find lone pair and dipole moment

There are no lone pairs in\({\rm{B}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\),however one lone pair is present in\({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\).

Therefore, as a result, the molecular structure of \({\rm{P}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\) is asymmetrical, and the dipole does not cancel out.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Write the electron configuration for each of the following ions: (a) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (b) \({{\rm{I}}^{\rm{ - }}}\) (c) \({\rm{B}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (d) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{d}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\)(e) \({{\rm{O}}^{{\rm{2 - }}}}\) (f) \({\rm{G}}{{\rm{a}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) (g) \({\rm{L}}{{\rm{i}}^{\rm{ + }}}\) (h) \({{\rm{N}}^{{\rm{3 - }}}}\) (i) \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{n}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (j) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{o}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (k) \({\rm{F}}{{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{2 + }}}}\) (l) \({\rm{A}}{{\rm{s}}^{{\rm{3 + }}}}\) .

Identify the electron pair geometry and the molecular structure of each of the following molecules:

  1. \({\rm{CNIO}}\) (N is the central atom)
  2. \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{S}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
  3. \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{CO}}\)(C is the central atom)
  4. \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{SO}}\)(S is the central atom)
  5. \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)(S is the central atom)
  6. \({\rm{Xe}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)(Xe is the central atom)
  7. \({\rm{ClOF}}_{\rm{2}}^{\rm{ + }}\)(Cl is the central atom)

There are three possible structures for \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{\;}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{3}}}\)with phosphorus as the central atom. Draw them and discuss how measurements of dipole moments could help distinguish among them.

Two arrangements of atoms are possible for a compound with a molar mass of about\({\rm{45 g/mol}}\)that contains\({\rm{52}}{\rm{.2 \% C, 13}}{\rm{.1 \% H}}\), and\({\rm{34}}{\rm{.7 \% O}}\)by mass. Write the Lewis structures for the two molecules.

From its position in the periodic table, determine which atom in each pair is more electronegative: (a)\({\rm{N or P}}\)(b)\({\rm{N or Ge}}\)(c)\({\rm{S or F}}\)(d)\({\rm{Cl or S}}\)(e)\({\rm{H or C}}\)(f)\({\rm{Se or P}}\)(g)\({\rm{C or Si}}\).
See all solutions

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