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Chapter 7: Q20E (page 392)

Which is the most polar bond? (a) \({\rm{C - C}}\) (b) \({\rm{C - H}}\) (c) \({\rm{N - H}}\) (d) \({\rm{O - H}}\) (e) \({\rm{Se - H}}\) .

Short Answer

Expert verified

The most polar bond is: \({\rm{O - H}}\).

Step by step solution

01

Define Chemical Bonding

A chemical bond is a long-term attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds to form.

02

Explanation

The polarity of a bond is determined by the electronegativity difference between two atoms creating it.

We'll start by looking at the electronegativity values of each element in fig. \({\rm{7}}{\rm{.6}}\), and then compute the electronegativity difference.

03

Finding which one is most polar bond?

a. As both atoms have the same electronegativity, the difference in electronegativity is \({\rm{0}}\).

Therefore, it is not the most polar bond.

04

Finding which one is most polar bond?

b.

\({\rm{C}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.5}}\) and \({\rm{H}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.1}}\), so the difference is \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.4}}\).

Therefore, it is not the most polar bond.

05

Finding which one is most polar bond?

c.

\({\rm{N}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{3}}{\rm{.0}}\) and \({\rm{H}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.1}}\), so the difference is \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.9}}\).

Therefore, it is not the most polar bond.

06

Finding which one is most polar bond?

d.

\({\rm{O}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{3}}{\rm{.5}}\) and \({\rm{H}}\) has an electronegativity of \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.1}}\), the difference is \({\rm{1}}{\rm{.4}}\).

Therefore, it is the most polar bond.

07

Finding which one is most polar bond?

e.

\({\rm{Se }}\)has an electronegativity is \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.4}}\) and \({\rm{H}}\) has an electronegativity is \({\rm{2}}{\rm{.1}}\), so the difference is \({\rm{0}}{\rm{.3}}\).

Therefore, it is not the most polar bond.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Identify the more polar bond in each of the following pairs of bonds: (a) \({\rm{HF or HCl}}\) (b) \({\rm{NO or CO}}\) (c) \({\rm{SH or OH}}\) (d) \({\rm{PCl or HCl}}\) (e) \({\rm{CH or NH}}\) (f) \({\rm{SO or PO}}\) (g) \({\rm{CN or NN}}\) .

Question: Which bond in each of the following pairs of bonds is the strongest?

(a) \({\rm{C - C}}\) or \({\rm{C = C}}\)

(b) \({\rm{C - N}}\) or \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{N}}\)

(c) \({\rm{C}} \equiv {\rm{O}}\) or \({\rm{C = O}}\)

(d) \({\rm{H - F}}\) or \({\rm{H - Cl}}\)

(e) \({\rm{C - H}}\) or \({\rm{O - H}}\)

(f) \({\rm{C - N}}\) or \({\rm{C - O}}\)

The lattice energy of \({\rm{LiF}}\) is \({\rm{1023 kJ/mol}}\), and the \({\rm{Li - F}}\) distance is \({\rm{201 pm}}\). \({\rm{MgO}}\) crystallizes in the same structure as \({\rm{LiF}}\) but with a \({\rm{Mg - O}}\) distance of \({\rm{205 pm}}\). Which of the following values most closely approximates the lattice energy of \({\rm{MgO}}\): \({\rm{256 kJ/mol, 512 kJ/mol, 1023 kJ/mol, 2046 kJ/mol,}}\) or \({\rm{4008 kJ/mol}}\)? Explain your choice.

Write out the full electron configuration for each of the following atoms and for the monatomic ion found in binary ionic compounds containing the element: (a) \({\rm{Al}}\) (b) \({\rm{Br}}\) (c) \({\rm{Sr}}\) (d) \({\rm{Li}}\) (e) \({\rm{As}}\) (f) \({\rm{S}}\) .

Which of these molecules and ions contain polar bonds? Which of these molecules and ions have dipole moments?

  1. \({{\rm{H}}_{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{O}}^{\rm{ + }}}\)
  2. \({\rm{PC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{4}}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
  3. \({\rm{SnCl}}_{\rm{3}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
  4. \({\rm{BrCl}}_{\rm{4}}^{\rm{ - }}\)
  5. \({\rm{IC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\)
  6. \({\rm{Xe}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{4}}}\)
  7. \({\rm{S}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\)
See all solutions

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