Calculate the molecular or formula mass of each of the following:

(a)P₄

(b)H₂O

(c) Ca(NO₃)₂

(d) CH₃CO₂H (Acetic acid)

(e) C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁(Sucrose, cane sugar)

The molecular mass of a compound is equivalent to the sum of the atomic mass of each element present in that compound.

In \({{\rm{P}}_4}\), there are 4 phosphorus atoms, as the atomic mass of 1 phosphorus atom is 30 amu. Therefore, the molecular mass of \({{\rm{P}}_4}\) will be \({\rm{30 }} \times {\rm{ 4 = 120 amu}}\).

The molecular mass of a compound is equivalent to the sum of the atomic mass of each element present in that compound.

In \({{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}\), there are 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atoms, and the atomic mass of 1 hydrogen and 1 oxygen atom is 1 amu and 16 amu. Therefore, the molecular mass of \({{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}\) will be \({\rm{2 }} \times {\rm{ 1 + 16 = 18 amu}}\)

The molecular mass of a compound is equivalent to the sum of the atomic mass of each element present in that compound.

In \({\rm{Ca(N}}{{\rm{O}}_3}{)_2}\), there is 1 calcium, 2 nitrogen, and 6 oxygen atoms, and the atomic mass of 1 calcium, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms is 40 amu, 14 amu, and 16 amu, respectively. Therefore, the molecular mass of \({\rm{Ca(N}}{{\rm{O}}_3}{)_2}\) will be \({\rm{40 + 14 }} \times {\rm{ 2 + 16 }} \times {\rm{ 6 = 164 amu}}\)

The molecular mass of a compound is equivalent to the sum of the atomic mass of each element present in that compound.

In \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}{\rm{H}}\), there are 2 carbon, 4 hydrogen, and 2 oxygen atoms, and the atomic mass of 1 carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atom is 12 amu, 1 amu, and 16 amu, respectively. Therefore, the molecular mass of \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}{\rm{H}}\) will be \({\rm{12 }} \times {\rm{ 2 + 4 }} \times {\rm{ 1 + 16 }} \times {\rm{ 2 = 60 amu}}\)

The molecular mass of a compound is equivalent to the sum of the atomic mass of each element present in that compound.

In \({{\rm{C}}_{12}}{{\rm{H}}_{22}}{{\rm{O}}_{11}}\), there are 12carbon, 22 hydrogen, and 11 oxygen atoms, and the atomic mass of 1 carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atom is 12 amu, 1 amu, and 16 amu, respectively. Therefore, the molecular mass of \({{\rm{C}}_{12}}{{\rm{H}}_{22}}{{\rm{O}}_{11}}\) will be \({\rm{12 }} \times {\rm{ 12 + 22 }} \times {\rm{ 1 + 16 }} \times {\rm{ 11 = 342 amu}}\).