Precipitation and Dissolution

1. Complete the changes in concentrations for each of the following reactions:

\(\begin{array}{l}(a)AgI(s) \to nA{g^ + }(aq) + {I^ - }(aq)\\ x \_ \\(b)CaC{O_3}(s) \to C{a^{2 + }}(aq) + C{O_3}^{2 - }(aq)\\ \_\quad x\\(c)Mg{(OH)_2}(s) \to nM{g^{2 + }}(aq) + 2O{H^ - }(aq)\\ x \quad \_\_\\(d)M{g_3}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_2}(s) \to n3M{g^{2 + }}(aq) + 2P{O_4}^{3 - }(aq)\\ x\_\\(e)C{a_5}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_3}OH(s) \to n5C{a^{2 + }}(aq) + 3P{O_4}^{3 - }(aq) + O{H^ - }(aq)\\ \_ \_ x\end{array}\)

\(AgI\;(s) \to A{g^ + }\;(aq) + {I^ - }\;(aq)\)

By dissolving\(AgI\) in water, solution of mixed silver and chloride ions is produced. In this case, both silver and chloride ions produce an equal amount of the solid

\(CaC{O_3}(\;s) \to C{a^{2 + }}(aq) + CO_3^{2 - }(aq)\)

\(Mg{(OH)_2}\;(\;S) \to \;M{g^{2 + }}\;(aq) + \;2O{H^ - }(aq)\)

By dissolving\(CaC{O_3}\)in water, solution of mixed magnesium and hydroxide ions is produced. On the contrary to a) and

b), one ion of magnesium and two hydroxide ions are needed to produce one molecule of the solid.

\(M{g_3}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_2}(S) \to \;3M{g^{2 + }}(aq) + 2PO_4^{3 - }(aq)\)

\(C{a_5}{\left( {P{O_4}} \right)_3}OH(S) \to \;5C{a^{2 + }}(aq) + 3PO_4^{3 - }(aq)\)