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Chapter 1: Q34 E (page 57)
Is one liter about an ounce, a pint, a quart, or a gallon?
One liter is about a quart.
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Convert the temperature of dry ice, \( - 77{\rm{ }}^\circ C,\) into degrees Fahrenheit and kelvin.
Question: In a recent Grand Prix, the winner completed the race with an average speed of 229.8 km/h. What was his speed in miles per hour, meters per second, and feet per second?
The density (d) of a substance is an intensive property that is defined as the ratio of its mass(m) to its volume (V).
\(\begin{aligned}{\rm{density = }}\frac{{{\rm{mass}}}}{{{\rm{volume}}}}\\{\rm{d = }}\frac{{\rm{m}}}{{\rm{v}}}\end{aligned}\)
Considering that mass and volume are intensive properties, explain why their ratio, density is intensive.
How does an element differ from a compound? How are they similar?
As stated in the text, convincing examples that demonstrate the law of conservation of matter outside of the laboratory are few and far between. Indicate whether the mass would increase, decrease, or stay the same for the following scenarios where chemical reactions take place:
(a) Exactly one pound of bread dough is placed in a baking tin. The dough is cooked in an oven at 350 °F releasing a wonderful aroma of freshly baked bread during the cooking process. Is the mass of the baked loaf less than, greater than, or the same as the one pound of original dough? Explain.
(b) When magnesium burns in air a white flaky ash of magnesium oxide is produced. Is the mass of magnesium oxide less than, greater than, or the same as the original piece of magnesium? Explain.
(c) Antoine Lavoisier, the French scientist credited with first stating the law of conservation of matter, heated a mixture of tin and air in a sealed flask to produce tin oxide. Did the mass of the sealed flask and contents decrease, increase, or remain the same after the heating?
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