If you observe the following reaction at equilibrium, is it possible to tell whether the reaction stated with pure \(N{O_2}\) or with pure \({N_2}{O_4}\)? \(2N{O_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons {N_2}{O_4}(g)\)

Short Answer

Expert verified

It's impossible to say whether a reaction starts from scratch \(N{O_2}\) or with nothing but pure \({N_2}{O_4}\).

Step by step solution

01

Definition of NO2 and N2O4

  • Nitrogen dioxide \(\left( {N{O_2}} \right)\) is a nitrogen-containing gas that belongs to the oxides of nitrogen category\(\left( {NOx} \right)\).
  • Dinitrogen tetroxide, also known as nitrogen tetroxide and amyl, is a chemical compound with the formula \({N_2}{O_4}\) In chemical synthesis, it is a helpful reagent.
02

Determine the equilibrium, is it possible to tell whether the reaction stated with pure \(N{O_2}\)or with pure\({N_2}{O_4}\)

The following reaction is assumed to be in equilibrium:

\(2N{O_2}(g) \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over{\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} {N_2}{O_4}(g)\)

If it's feasible to tell if the reaction started with pure sugar, that's great \(N{O_2}\)or with nothing but pure \({N_2}{O_4}\) it is necessary to explain whether or not this is the case.

The forward and backward (reverse) processes have identical rates in the equilibrium mixture.

For the following chemical reaction:

\(A \to B + C\)

The equilibrium constant will be expressed as:

\({K_C} = \frac{{(B\mid (C)}}{{(A)}}\)

The equilibrium concentrations of A, B, and C are (A), (B), and (C), respectively.

For the response:

\(2N{O_2}(g) \mathbin{\lower.3ex\hbox{$\buildrel\textstyle\rightarrow\over{\smash{\leftarrow}\vphantom{_{\vbox to.5ex{\vss}}}}$}} {N_2}{O_4}(g)\)

Equilibrium constant for the aforementioned reaction is defined mathematically as:

\(Keq. = \frac{{\left. {\mid {N_2}{O_4}} \right)}}{{\left( {{{\left. {N{O_2}} \right|}^2}} \right.}}\)

As a result, we may state that when both reactants and products are accessible, the equilibrium constant has a specified value.

It no longer matters from which side the reaction begins because the Equilibrium value is constant (for a specific reaction at a constant temperature) and the reaction will automatically reach Equilibrium after a specified amount of time. The concentrations of reactants and products will become constant at the point of equilibrium.

And it's impossible to tell whether a reaction originates from pure energy or not if looking at it from the point where it reaches equilibrium \(N{O_2}\)or with pure \({N_2}{O_4}\)

As a result, it's impossible to say if a reaction starts from scratch \(N{O_2}\) or with pure \({N_2}{O_4}\).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Pure iron metal can be produced by the reduction of iron(III) oxide with hydrogen gas.

(a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant \(\left( {{K_c}} \right.)\)for the reversible reaction

\(F{e_2}{O_3}(s) + 3{H_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2Fe(s) + 3{H_2}O(g)\) \(\Delta H = 98.7kJ\)

(b) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if more \(Fe\)is added?

(c) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if \({H_2}O\) is removed?

(d) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if \({H_2}\) is added?

(e) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if the pressure on the system is increased by reducing the volume of the reaction vessel?

(f) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if the temperature of the system is increased?

The initial concentrations or pressures of reactants and products are given for each of the following systems. Calculate the reaction quotient and determine the direction in which each system will proceed to reach equilibrium.

(a) \(\begin{aligned}{}2{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3}(\;{\rm{g}}) \rightleftharpoons {{\rm{N}}_2}(\;{\rm{g}}) + 3{{\rm{H}}_2}(\;{\rm{g}})\;\;\;{K_e} b= 17;\\\;\;\;\left( {{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3}} \right) = 0.50\,M,\;\left( {{{\rm{N}}_2}} \right) = 0.15\,M,\;\left( {{{\rm{H}}_2}} \right) = 0.12\,M\end{aligned}\)

(b) \(\begin{aligned}{}2{\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons {{\rm{N}}_2}(\;g) + 3{{\rm{H}}_2}(\;g)\;\;\;{K_P} = 6.8 \times {10^4};\\\;\;\;\;{\rm{initial}}\;{\rm{pressures:}}\,{\kern 1pt} {\rm{N}}{{\rm{H}}_3} = 2.00\;{\rm{atm}},\;{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {{\rm{N}}_2} = 10.00\,{\rm{atm}},\;{{\rm{H}}_2} = 10.00\,{\rm{atm}}\end{aligned}\)

(c) \(\begin{aligned}{}2{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_3}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons 2{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_2}(\;g) + {{\rm{O}}_2}(\;g)\;\;\;{K_c} = 0.230;\\\;{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} \;\left( {{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_3}} \right) = 2.00\,M,\;\left( {{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_2}} \right) = 2.00\,M,\;\left( {{{\rm{O}}_2}} \right) = 2.00\,M\end{aligned}\)

(d) \(\begin{aligned}{}2{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_3}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons 2{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_2}(\;g) + {{\rm{O}}_2}(\;g)\;\;\;{K_p} = 6.5\;{\rm{atm}};\\\;\;\;\;{\rm{initial}}\;{\rm{pressures:}}\;{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_2} = 1.00\;{\rm{atm}},\;{{\rm{O}}_2} = 1.130\;{\rm{atm}},\;{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_3} = 0\;{\rm{atm}}\end{aligned}\)

(e) \(\begin{aligned}{}2{\rm{NO}}(g) + {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2}(g) \rightleftharpoons 2{\rm{NOCl}}(g)\;\;\;{K_P} = 2.5 \times {10^3};\\\;\;\;\;{\rm{initial}}\;{\rm{pressures:}}\;{\rm{NO}} = 1.00\;{\rm{atm}},{\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_2} = 1.00\;{\rm{atm}},\;{\rm{NOCl}} = 0\;{\rm{atm}}\end{aligned}\)

(f) \(\begin{aligned}{}{{\rm{N}}_2}(\;g) + {{\rm{O}}_2}(\;g) \rightleftharpoons 2{\rm{NO}}(g)\;\;\;{K_c} = 0.050;\\\;\;\;\;\;\left( {{{\rm{N}}_2}} \right) = 0.100M,\;\left( {{{\rm{O}}_2}} \right) = 0.200M,\;({\rm{NO}}) = 1.00M\end{aligned}\)

Acetic acid is a weak acid that reacts with water according to this equation:

\(C{H_3}C{O_2}H(aq) + {H_2}O(aq) \rightleftharpoons {H_3}{O^ + }(aq) + C{H_3}CO_2^ - (aq)\)

Will any of the following increase the percent of acetic acid that reacts and produces \(C{H_3}CO_2^ - \)ion?

(a) Addition of \(HCl\)

(b) Addition of \(NaOH\)

(c) Addition of \(NaC{H_3}C{O_2}\)

Question: The binding of oxygen by hemoglobin (Hb), giving oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), is partially regulated by the concentration of H3O+ and dissolved CO2 in the blood. Although the equilibrium is complicated, it can be summarized as

HbO2(aq) + H3 O+(aq) + CO2(g) ⇌ CO2 −Hb−H+ + O2(g) + H2 O(l)

(a) Write the equilibrium constant expression for this reaction.

(b) Explain why the production of lactic acid and CO2 in a muscle during exertion stimulates release of O2 from the oxyhemoglobin in the blood passing through the muscle.

Benzene is one of the compounds used as octane enhancers in unleaded gasoline. It is manufactured by the catalytic conversion of acetylene to benzene: \(3{{\rm{C}}_2}{{\rm{H}}_2}(g) \to {{\rm{C}}_6}{{\rm{H}}_6}(g)\). Which value of \({K_c}\) would make this reaction most useful commercially?

\({K_c} \approx 0.01,\;{K_c} \approx 1,\;\;{\rm{or}}\;{K_c} \approx 10.\) Explain your answer.

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