Ozone decomposes to oxygen according to the equation\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{(g)}} \to {\bf{3}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\). Write the equation that relates the rate expressions for this reaction in terms of the disappearance of\({{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}\)and the formation of oxygen.

Short Answer

Expert verified

The equation relates to the rate of disappearance of\({{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}\) is given by the following equation:

\({\bf{Rate of disappearance of ozone = - }}\frac{{\bf{1}}}{{\bf{2}}}\frac{{{\bf{\Delta }}\left( {{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}} \right)}}{{{\bf{\Delta t}}}}\)

Step by step solution

01

Understand the term rate and rate of disappearance.

Rate is defined as the change in the concentration of reactant or product per unit of timeand is given by the following formula:

\({\bf{Rate of reaction = }}\frac{{{\bf{Change in concentration of reactant or product}}}}{{{\bf{Time taken}}}}\)

When the reactant is being used up in the reaction, it tends to disappear and is given by the following formula.

\({\bf{Rate of disapearance = }}\frac{{{\bf{Disapearance of reactant}}}}{{{\bf{Time taken}}}}\)

02

Understand the meaning of negative signs for the disappearance of reactants.

A negative sign denotes that the substance is used up in the reaction. Thus, while writing the rate of disappearance, negative sign is used.

03

Determine how to write the rates disappearance of reactant for a general equation.

Let us consider the following reaction:\({\bf{aA}} \to {\bf{bB}}\)

While writing the reaction with coefficients, the stoichiometric factor is considered. The rate of disappearance is written as follows for the given reaction:

\({\bf{Rate of disapearance = - }}\frac{{\bf{1}}}{{\bf{a}}}\frac{{{\bf{\Delta }}\left( {\bf{A}} \right)}}{{{\bf{\Delta t}}}}\)

04

Determine the rate of disappearance of \({{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}\)

The following reaction is given:

\({\bf{2}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{(g)}} \to {\bf{3}}{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{2}}}{\bf{(g)}}\)

The rate of disappearance is as follows:

\({\bf{Rate of disapearance of ozone = - }}\frac{{\bf{1}}}{{\bf{2}}}\frac{{{\bf{\Delta }}\left( {{{\bf{O}}_{\bf{3}}}} \right)}}{{{\bf{\Delta t}}}}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

The reaction of compound A to give compounds C and D was found to be second-order in A. The rate constant for the reaction was determined to be 2.42 L/mol/s. If the initial concentration is 0.500 mol/L, what is the value of t1/2?

Account for the increase in reaction rate brought about by a catalyst.

The reaction of \({\bf{CO}}\) with \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}\) gives phosgene \(\left( {{\bf{COC}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}} \right)\), a nerve gas that was used in World War I. Use the mechanism shown here to complete the following exercises:(fast, \({{\bf{k}}_{\bf{1}}}\) represents the forward rate constant, \({k_{ - {\bf{1}}}}\)the reverse rate constant)\({\bf{CO}}\left( g \right){\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{\bf{Cl}}\left( g \right) \to {\bf{COCl}}\left( g \right)\)(slow, \({k_{\bf{2}}}\) the rate constant)\({\bf{COCl}}\left( g \right){\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{\bf{Cl}}\left( g \right) \to {\bf{COC}}{{\bf{l}}_{\bf{2}}}\left( g \right)\)(fast,\({k_{\bf{3}}}\)the rate constant)(a) Write the overall reaction.(b) Identify all intermediates.(c) Write the rate law for each elementary reaction.(d) Write the overall rate law expression.

Acetaldehyde decomposes when heated to yield methane and carbon monoxide according to the equation: \({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{CHO}}\)(g) ⟶\({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{4}}}\)(g) +\({\bf{CO}}\)(g)

Determine the rate law and the rate constant for the reaction from the following experimental data:

Trial

(\({\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{CHO}}\)) (mol/L)

\(\frac{{ - \Delta \left( {{\bf{C}}{{\bf{H}}_{\bf{3}}}{\bf{CHO}}} \right)}}{{\Delta t}}\)(mol )(Ls−1)

1.

1.75 × 10−3

2.06 × 10−11

2.

3.50 × 10−3

8.24 × 10−11

3.

7.00 × 10−3

3.30 × 10−10

Fluorine-18 is a radioactive isotope that decays by positron emission to form oxygen-18 with a half-life of 109.7 min. (A positron is a particle with the mass of an electron and a single unit of positive charge; the equation is (\({_{{\bf{518}}}^{\bf{9}}}{\bf{F}}\)⟶\({_{{\bf{18}}}^{\bf{8}}}{\bf{O + e - }}\).) Physicians use\(^{{\bf{18}}}{\bf{F}}\)to study the brain by injecting a quantity of fluoro-substituted glucose into the blood of a patient. The glucose accumulates in the regions where the brain is active and needs nourishment.

(a) What is the rate constant for the decomposition of fluorine-18?

(b) If a sample of glucose containing radioactive fluorine-18 is injected into the blood, what percent of the radioactivity will remain after 5.59 h?

(c) How long does it take for 99.99% of the\(^{{\bf{18}}}{\bf{F}}\)to decay?

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