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Chapter 21: Q37 E (page 1147)
Identify the subshell in which electrons with the following quantum numbers are found:
(a)n= 3,l= 2
(b)n= 1,l= 0
(c)n= 4,l= 3
(a)2p
(b) 1s
(c) 4f
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If a hospital were storing radioisotopes, what is the minimum containment needed to protect against:
(a) cobalt\({\rm{ - 60}}\)(a strong γ emitter used for irradiation)
(b) molybdenum\({\rm{ - 99}}\)(a beta emitter used to produce technetium\({\rm{ - 99}}\)for imaging).
Question: Which of the following nuclei is most likely to decay by positron emission? Explain your choice.
(a) chromium\({\rm{ - 53}}\)
(b) manganese\({\rm{ - 51}}\)
(c) iron\({\rm{ - 59}}\)
Write a balanced equation for each of the following nuclear reactions:
(a) bismuth\({\rm{ - 212}}\)decays into polonium\({\rm{ - 212}}\)
(b) beryllium\({\rm{ - 8}}\)and a positron are produced by the decay of an unstable nucleus
(c) neptunium\({\rm{ - 239}}\)forms from the reaction of uranium\({\rm{ - 238}}\)with a neutron and then spontaneously converts into plutonium\({\rm{ - 239}}\)
(d) strontium\({\rm{ - 90}}\)decays into yttrium\({\rm{ - 90}}\).
How does nuclear fission differ from nuclear fusion? Why are both of these processes exothermic?
Write a balanced equation for each of the following nuclear reactions:
(a) mercury\({\rm{ - 180}}\)decays into platinum\({\rm{ - 176}}\)
(b) zirconium\({\rm{ - 90}}\)and an electron are produced by the decay of an unstable nucleus
(c) thorium\({\rm{ - 232}}\)decays and produces an alpha particle and a radium\({\rm{ - 228}}\)nucleus, which decays into actinium\({\rm{ - 228}}\)by beta decay
(d) neon\({\rm{ - 19}}\)decays into fluorine\({\rm{ - 19}}\).
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