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Chapter 20: Q21E (page 1141)

Write the structures for all the isomers of the \(--{C_5}{H_{11}}\) alkyl group.

Short Answer

Expert verified

There are 7 structures made with \({C_5}{H_{11}}\) .

Step by step solution

01

Step 1:Determine the structurefor all the isomers

  • The chemical formula for a side chain with 5 carbon atoms and all saturated\(C - C\)bonds is\({C_5}{H_{11}}\).
  • The atoms of\(H\)are spread over 5 carbon atoms.
  • Because it's a side chain that's attached to the parent chain, there's one less\(H\)atom.
  • The pentyl side chain is the first structure.
  • It is composed of five carbon atoms arranged in a straight chain.
  • (1-methyl) butyl is the second structure.
  • It has four carbon atoms in a straight chain, with a methyl branch on carbon 1.

  • (2-methyl)butyl is the structure of this molecule. It has a straight chain with four carbon atoms and a methyl group as a branch on carbon. 2.
  • (3-methyl)butyl is the fourth structure, with four carbon atoms in the straight chain and one methyl group on carbon 3 in the side chain.
  • The fifth structure is the (1,2-dimethyl)propyl group, which consists of three carbon atoms in a straight chain and two methyl branches on carbon atoms 1 and $2.$.
  • The (1,1-dimethyl)propyl group, which has three carbon atoms in a straight chain and two methyl branches on each carbon atom, is the sixth structure.
  • The (2,2-dimethyl)propyl group is the seventh structure, with three carbon atoms in a straight chain and two methyl branches on carbon atom 2.

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