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Chapter 4: 16 CYL (page 210)
A 0.00215g sample of polystyrene, a polymer composed of carbon and hydrogen, produced 0.00726g of CO2 0.00148g of H2O in combustion analysis. What is the empirical formula for polystyrene?
- CH is the empirical formula for polystyrene.
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Classify the following as acid-base reaction or oxidation-reduction reactions.
(a)\(N{a_2}S\left( {aq} \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to 2NaCl\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}S\left( g \right)\)
(b)\(2Na\left( s \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to 2NaCl\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}\left( g \right)\)
(c)\(Mg\left( s \right) + C{l_2}\left( g \right) \to MgC{l_2}\left( s \right)\)
(d)\(MgO\left( s \right) + 2HCl\left( {aq} \right) \to MgC{l_2}\left( {aq} \right) + {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
(e)\({K_3}P\left( s \right) + 2{O_2}\left( g \right) \to {K_3}P{O_4}\left( s \right)\)
(f)\(3KOH\left( {aq} \right) + {H_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) \to {K_3}P{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) + 3{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
Colourful fireworks often involve the decomposition of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate and the reaction of metals magnesium, aluminium, and iron with oxygen.
(a)Write the formulae of barium nitrate and potassium chlorate.
(b)The decomposition of solid potassium chlorate leads to the formation of solid potassium chloride and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.
(c) The decomposition of solid barium nitrate leads to the formation of solid barium oxide, diatomic nitrogen gas and diatomic oxygen gas. Write an equation for the reaction.
(d)Write separate equations for the reactions of the solid metals magnesium, aluminium and iron and oxygen gas to yield the corresponding metal oxides.(Assume the iron oxide contains \(F{e^{3 + }}\)ions.)
Use the following equations to answer the next four questions:
i.\({H_2}O\left( s \right) \to {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
ii.\(N{a^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + C{l^ - }\left( {aq} \right) + A{g^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + NO_3^ - \left( {aq} \right) \to AgCl\left( s \right) + N{a^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + NO_3^ - \left( {aq} \right)\)
iii.\(C{H_3}OH\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right) \to C{O_2}\left( g \right) + {H_2}O\left( g \right)\)
iv. \(2{H_2}O\left( l \right) \to 2{H_2}\left( g \right) + {O_2}\left( g \right)\)
v. \({H^ + }\left( {aq} \right) + O{H^ - }\left( {aq} \right) \to {H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
(a) Which equation describes a physical change?
(b)Which equation identifies the reactants and products of a combustion reaction?
(c)Which equation is not balanced?
(d)Which is a net ionic equation?
A 20.00ml sample of aqueous oxalic acid H2C2O4 was titrated with a 0.09113M solution of potassium permanganate KMnO4,
\(2MnO_4^ - \left( {aq} \right) + 5{H_2}{C_2}{O_4}\left( {aq} \right) + 6{H^ + } \to 10C{O_2}\left( g \right) + 2M{n^{2 + }}\left( {aq} \right) + 8{H_2}O\left( l \right)\)
A volume of 23.24 ml was required to reach the endpoint. What is the oxalic acid molarity?
Outline the steps needed to determine the limiting reactant when 30.0 g of propane,\({C_3}{H_8}\), is burned with 75.0 g of oxygen. Determine the limiting reactant.
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