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Chapter 1: Problem 58

The following data refer to the compound water. Classify each as a chemical or a physical property. (a) It is a colorless liquid at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\). (b) It reacts with sodium to form hydrogen gas as one of the products. (c) Its melting point is \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). (d) It is insoluble in carbon tetrachloride.

Short Answer

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Question: Classify the following properties of water as either chemical or physical properties: (a) Colorless liquid at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\). (b) Reacts with sodium to form hydrogen gas as one of the products. (c) Melting point is \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). (d) Insoluble in carbon tetrachloride. Answer: (a) Physical, (b) Chemical, (c) Physical, (d) Physical.

Step by step solution

01

(Step 1: Analyze Property (a))

To determine if this property is chemical or physical, consider whether it requires a chemical reaction to be observed. The color and state of water at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\) can be observed without any chemical change, so this is a physical property.
02

(Step 2: Analyze Property (b))

The reaction of water with sodium to form hydrogen gas as one of the products requires a chemical reaction to occur. Therefore, this property is a chemical property.
03

(Step 3: Analyze Property (c))

The melting point of a substance is a property that can be determined without causing a chemical change, as only the state of the substance changes from solid to liquid. Hence, the melting point of water is a physical property.
04

(Step 4: Analyze Property (d))

Solubility is a property that is determined by observing if a substance dissolves in another substance. In this case, we are looking at whether water is soluble in carbon tetrachloride, which can be determined without causing any chemical change to water. Thus, this is a physical property. In conclusion, the properties of water can be classified as follows: (a) Physical property - colorless liquid at \(25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) and \(1 \mathrm{~atm}\). (b) Chemical property - reacts with sodium to form hydrogen gas as one of the products. (c) Physical property - melting point is \(0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). (d) Physical property - insoluble in carbon tetrachloride.

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