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Chapter 13: Problem 95

Is a saline ( \(\mathrm{NaCl}\) ) solution at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) acidic, basic, or neutral?

Short Answer

Expert verified
A saline solution (NaCl) at 80°C is neutral. This is because the ions produced when NaCl dissolves in water do not alter the acidity or basicity of the solution. Additionally, the increased temperature does not affect the pH of the solution since the ionization of water at higher temperatures affects both acidic and basic ions equally, maintaining the pH of the solution at a neutral value.

Step by step solution

01

Understand the properties of NaCl

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt formed from the neutralization reaction between a strong acid (hydrochloric acid, HCl) and a strong base (sodium hydroxide, NaOH). When NaCl is dissolved in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions, Na\(^+\) and Cl\(^-\).
02

Observe the behavior of Na\(^+\) and Cl\(^-\) ions in water

When NaCl dissociates in water, the Na\(^+\) and Cl\(^-\) ions interact with water molecules. However, since both ions come from strong acid (HCl) and strong base (NaOH), they do not react with water to form either hydronium (H\(_3\)O\(^+\)) ions or hydroxide (OH\(^-\)) ions. This means that they do not alter the acidity or basicity of the solution.
03

Consider the effect of temperature

In this scenario, the saline solution is at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The effect of temperature on the ionization of water should be considered. At higher temperatures, the ionization of water increases, which results in an increase in the concentration of both H\(_3\)O\(^+\) and OH\(^-\) ions in the solution. However, since the concentration of both ions increases equally, the overall pH of the solution remains neutral (pH = 7).
04

Conclusion

A saline solution (NaCl) at \(80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is neutral, as the ions produced when NaCl dissolves in water do not alter the acidity or basicity of the solution. The increased temperature doesn't affect the conclusion since the increase in ionization of water at higher temperatures affects both acidic and basic ions equally, maintaining the pH of the solution at a neutral value.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

\(\mathrm{m}\) Find \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) and the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the following solutions. (a) \(0.25 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}\) dissolved in enough water to make \(0.655 \mathrm{~L}\) of solution. (b) A 3.00-L solution of KOH is prepared by diluting \(300.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.149 \mathrm{MKOH}\) with water. What is the molarity of the diluted solution? What is the effect of a tenfold dilution on the \(\mathrm{pH}\) ?

Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), \(\mathrm{HC}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{6} \mathrm{NO}_{2}\), is used in some sunscreen agents. A solution is made by dissolving \(0.263\) mol of PABA in enough water to make \(750.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of solution. The solution has \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=2.6 \times 10^{-3} \mathrm{M}\). What is \(K_{\mathrm{a}}\) for PABA?

Caproic acid, \(\mathrm{HC}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{11} \mathrm{O}_{2}\), is found in coconut oil and is used in making artificial flavors. A solution is made by dissolving \(0.450 \mathrm{~mol}\) of caproic acid in enough water to make \(2.0 \mathrm{~L}\) of solution. The solution has \(\left[\mathrm{H}^{+}\right]=1.7 \times\) \(10^{-3} M\). What is \(K_{\mathrm{a}}\) for caproic acid?

Calculate \(K_{a}\) for the weak acids that have the following \(\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}\) values. (a) \(3.9\) (b) \(10.12\) (c) \(13.07\)

The \(\mathrm{pH}\) of a household ammonia cleaning solution is \(11.68\). How many grams of ammonia are needed in a 1.25-L solution to give the same pH?
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