Write a net ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of (a) sodium acetate \(\left(\mathrm{NaC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) and nitric acid. (b) hydrobromic acid and strontium hydroxide. (c) hypochlorous acid and sodium cyanide. (d) sodium hydroxide and nitrous acid.

Short Answer

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Question: Write the net ionic equations for the following reactions between aqueous solutions: (a) Sodium acetate and nitric acid (b) Hydrobromic acid and strontium hydroxide (c) Hypochlorous acid and sodium cyanide (d) Sodium hydroxide and nitrous acid Answer: (a) \(\mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)}\) (b) \(2 \mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\) (c) \(\mathrm{HOCl} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{CN}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HCN} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{OCl}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)}\) (d) \(\mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HNO}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)

Step by step solution

01

Write the balanced molecular equation

The balanced molecular equation for sodium acetate and nitric acid is: \(\mathrm{NaC}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HNO}_{3} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaNO}_{3} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HC}_{2}\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)}\)
02

Write the total ionic equation

Both nitric acid and sodium acetate will dissociate completely in water, so: \(\mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{NO}_{3}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)}\)
03

Eliminate the spectator ions to find the net ionic equation

Sodium and nitrate ions are spectator ions, so the net ionic equation is: \(\mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HC}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)}\) (b) Hydrobromic acid and strontium hydroxide
04

Write the balanced molecular equation

The balanced molecular equation for hydrobromic acid and strontium hydroxide is: \(2 \mathrm{HBr} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{Sr}(\mathrm{OH})_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{SrBr}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)
05

Write the total ionic equation

Both hydrobromic acid and strontium hydroxide will dissociate completely in water: \(2 \mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{Br}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{Sr}^{2+} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{Sr}^{2+} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{Br}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)
06

Eliminate the spectator ions to find the net ionic equation

The bromide ion is a spectator ion, and the net ionic equation is: \(2 \mathrm{H}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + 2 \mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\) (c) Hypochlorous acid and sodium cyanide
07

Write the balanced molecular equation

The balanced molecular equation for hypochlorous acid and sodium cyanide is: \(\mathrm{HOCl} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{NaCN} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HCN} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{NaOCl} \mathrm{(aq)}\)
08

Write the total ionic equation

Hypochlorous acid and hydrogen cyanide don't dissociate in water, but sodium cyanide does: \(\mathrm{HOCl} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{CN}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HCN} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{OCl}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)}\)
09

Eliminate the spectator ions to find the net ionic equation

The sodium ion is a spectator ion, so the net ionic equation is: \(\mathrm{HOCl} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{CN}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{HCN} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{OCl}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)}\) (d) Sodium hydroxide and nitrous acid
10

Write the balanced molecular equation

The balanced molecular equation for sodium hydroxide and nitrous acid is: \(\mathrm{NaOH} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HNO}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaNO}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)
11

Write the total ionic equation

Sodium hydroxide will dissociate completely in water, but nitrous acid won't: \(\mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HNO}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)
12

Eliminate the spectator ions to find the net ionic equation

The sodium ion is a spectator ion, so the net ionic equation is: \(\mathrm{OH}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{HNO}_{2} \mathrm{(aq)} \rightarrow \mathrm{NO}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{(aq)} + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O} \mathrm{(l)}\)

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Explain why (a) the pH decreases when lactic acid is added to a sodium lactate solution. (b) the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of \(0.1 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{NH}_{3}\) is less than \(13.0\). (c) a buffer resists changes in pH caused by the addition of \(\mathrm{H}^{+}\) or \(\mathrm{OH}^{-} .\) (d) a solution with a low \(\mathrm{pH}\) is not necessarily a strong acid solution.

Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by mixing \(2.00 \mathrm{~g}\) of butyric acid \(\left(\mathrm{HC}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{O}_{2}\right)\) with \(0.50 \mathrm{~g}\) of \(\mathrm{NaOH}\) in water \(\left(K_{\mathrm{a}}\right.\) butyric acid \(\left.=1.5 \times 10^{-5}\right)\)

Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by mixing \(100.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(1.20 \mathrm{M}\) ethanolamine, \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{ONH}_{2}\), with \(50.0 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(1.0 \mathrm{M} \mathrm{HCl} . \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}}\) for \(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{ONH}_{3}+\) is \(3.6 \times 10^{-10}\)

A \(0.4000 \mathrm{M}\) solution of nitric acid is used to titrate \(50.00 \mathrm{~mL}\) of \(0.237 \mathrm{M}\) barium hydroxide. (Assume that volumes are additive.) (a) Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reaction that takes place during titration. (b) What are the species present at the equivalence point? (c) What volume of nitric acid is required to reach the equivalence point? (d) What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the solution before any \(\mathrm{HNO}_{3}\) is added? (e) What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the solution halfway to the equivalence point? (f) What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) of the solution at the equivalence point?

A solution consisting of \(25.00 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{Cl}\) in \(178 \mathrm{~mL}\) of water is titrated with \(0.114 \mathrm{M}\) KOH. (a) How many \(\mathrm{mL}\) of \(\mathrm{KOH}\) are required to reach the equivalence point? (b) Calculate \(\left[\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\right],\left[\mathrm{K}^{+}\right],\left[\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right]\), and \(\left[\mathrm{OH}^{-}\right]\) at the equivalence point. (Assume that volumes are additive.) (c) What is the \(\mathrm{pH}\) at the equivalence point?

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