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Chapter 19: Problem 17

A scintillation counter registers emitted radiation caused by the disintegration of nuclides. If each atom of nuclide emits one count, what is the activity of a sample that registers \(3.00 \times 10^{4}\) disintegrations in five minutes?

Short Answer

Expert verified
Question: Calculate the activity of a sample that has 3.00 x 10^4 disintegrations in 5 minutes. Answer: The activity of the sample is 100 Becquerel (Bq).

Step by step solution

01

Convert time from minutes to seconds

Time is given in minutes, so we will first convert it into seconds. 1 minute = 60 seconds 5 minutes = 5 * 60 = 300 seconds. Now that we have the time in seconds, we can proceed to calculate the activity.
02

Calculate activity

The activity (A) can be calculated using the formula: Activity (A) = number of disintegrations (N) / time period (t) Given the number of disintegrations (N = 3.00 x 10^4) and the time period (t = 300 seconds), we can calculate the activity by plugging the values into the formula: A = (3.00 × 10^4) disintegrations / 300 seconds A = (3.00 × 10^4) / 300
03

Calculate the result

Now, we can use a calculator to find the result: A = (3.00 × 10^4) / 300 A = 100 Bq The activity of the sample is 100 Becquerel (Bq).

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Classify the following statements as true or false. If false, correct the statement to make it true. (a) The mass number increases in beta emission. (b) A radioactive species with a large rate constant, \(k\), decays very slowly. (c) Fusion gives off less energy per gram of fuel than fission.

Write balanced nuclear equations for (a) the loss of an alpha particle by Th-230. (b) the loss of a beta particle by lead-210. (c) the fission of U-235 to give Ba-140, another nucleus, and an excess of two neutrons. (d) the K-capture of Ar-37.

To determine the \(K_{s p}\) value of \(\mathrm{Hg}_{2} \mathrm{I}_{2}\), a solid sample is used, in which some of the iodine is present as radioactive I-131. The count rate of the sample is \(5.0 \times 10^{11}\) counts per minute per mole of \(\mathrm{I}\). An excess amount of \(\mathrm{Hg}_{2} \mathrm{I}_{2}(s)\) is placed in some water, and the solid is allowed to come to equilibrium with its respective ions. A 150.0-mL sample of the saturated solution is withdrawn and the radioactivity measured at 33 counts per minute. From this information, calculate the \(K_{s p}\) value for \(\mathrm{Hg}_{2} \mathrm{I}_{2}\).

A source for gamma rays has an activity of 3175 Ci. How many disintegrations are there for this source per minute?

Write balanced nuclear equations for (a) the alpha emission resulting in the formation of \(\mathrm{Pa}-233\). (b) the loss of a positron by \(\mathrm{Y}-85\). (c) the fusion of two C-12 nuclei to give sodium-23 and another particle. (d) the fission of Pu-239 to give tin-130, another nucleus, and an excess of two neutrons.
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