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Chapter 2: Problem 40

Write formulas for the following ionic compounds. (a) cobalt(II) acetate (b) barium oxide (c) aluminum sulfide (d) potassium permanganate (e) sodium hydrogen carbonate

Short Answer

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Question: Write the chemical formulas for the following ionic compounds: (a) Cobalt(II) acetate, (b) Barium oxide, (c) Aluminum sulfide, (d) Potassium permanganate, and (e) Sodium hydrogen carbonate. Answer: (a) Co(CH3COO)2, (b) BaO, (c) Al2S3, (d) KMnO4, (e) NaHCO3.

Step by step solution

01

(a) Cobalt(II) acetate

First, we need to determine the charges of the ions involved. Cobalt(II) means that cobalt has a +2 charge. Acetate is a polyatomic ion with the formula CH3COO- and a charge of -1. Since cobalt has a +2 charge and acetate has a -1 charge, we need two acetate ions to balance the charges, giving us the final formula of Co(CH3COO)2.
02

(b) Barium oxide

In this compound, we have barium (Ba) and oxygen (O). Barium is in group 2 of the periodic table and has a +2 charge, while oxygen is in group 6 and has a -2 charge. Since both ions have charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs, the compound's overall charge is neutral. The formula for barium oxide is BaO.
03

(c) Aluminum sulfide

In this compound, we have aluminum (Al) and sulfur (S). Aluminum is in group 3 of the periodic table and has a +3 charge, while sulfur is in group 6 and has a -2 charge. We need to find the smallest common multiple of their charges to achieve a neutral compound. The smallest common multiple of 3 and 2 is 6, so we need two aluminum ions (2 × 3 = 6) and three sulfur ions (3 × 2 = 6) to cancel out each other's charges. The formula for aluminum sulfide is Al2S3.
04

(d) Potassium permanganate

In this compound, we have potassium (K) and the polyatomic ion permanganate (MnO4-). Potassium is in group 1 of the periodic table and has a +1 charge, while permanganate has a -1 charge. Since both ions have charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs, the compound's overall charge is neutral. The formula for potassium permanganate is KMnO4.
05

(e) Sodium hydrogen carbonate

In this compound, we have sodium (Na) and the polyatomic ion hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-). Sodium is in group 1 of the periodic table and has a +1 charge, while hydrogen carbonate has a -1 charge. Since both ions have charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs, the compound's overall charge is neutral. The formula for sodium hydrogen carbonate is NaHCO3.

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Most popular questions from this chapter

Criticize each of the following statements. (a) In an ionic compound, the number of cations is always the same as the number of anions. (b) The molecular formula for strontium bromide is \(\mathrm{SrBr}_{2}\). (c) The mass number is always equal to the atomic number. (d) For any ion, the number of electrons is always more than the number of protons.

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