Chapter 2: Problem 53

Which statements are true? (a) Neutrons have neither mass nor charge. (b) Isotopes of an element have an identical number of protons. (c) C-14 and N-14 have identical neutron/proton (n/p \(^{+}\) ) ratios. (d) The vertical columns in a periodic table are referred to as "groups." (e) When an atom loses an electron, it becomes positively charged.

Short Answer

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a) Neutrons have neither mass nor charge. b) Isotopes of an element have an identical number of protons. c) C-14 and N-14 have identical neutron/proton (n/p \(^{+}\) ) ratios. d) The vertical columns in a periodic table are referred to as "groups." e) When an atom loses an electron, it becomes positively charged.

Step by step solution

Statement (a)

Neutrons have neither mass nor charge. This statement is false. Neutrons do have mass, similar to protons' mass. However, they do not have charge, unlike protons (positive) and electrons (negative).

Statement (b)

Isotopes of an element have an identical number of protons. This statement is true. Isotopes of an element have the same atomic number, meaning they have the same number of protons. However, they have different numbers of neutrons, which results in different atomic masses.

Statement (c)

C-14 and N-14 have identical neutron/proton (n/p \(^{+}\) ) ratios. This statement is false. C-14 has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, while N-14 has 7 protons and 7 neutrons. The n/p \(^{+}\) ratio for C-14 is 8/6, while for N-14, it is 7/7. These ratios are not identical.

Statement (d)

The vertical columns in a periodic table are referred to as "groups." This statement is true. In the periodic table, the vertical columns are called groups, and elements in the same group usually have similar properties. There are 18 groups in the standard periodic table.

Statement (e)

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes positively charged. This statement is true. When an atom loses an electron, the number of protons in the nucleus remains the same, but there are fewer negatively charged electrons to balance the positive charge of the protons. As a result, the atom will have a net positive charge and become a positively charged ion (cation).

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Statement (a)

Statement (b)

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Statement (d)

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